This is to provide a non-halogen containing compound excellent in proton conductivity and capable of suitably being used for a polymer electrolytic fuel cell The compound of the present invention has a structure represented by the following general formula (I). ##STR00001## (In the above-mentioned general formula (I), “l” and “n” are molar fractions when l+n=1.0, and 0≤l<1.0 and 0<n≤1.0, A represents a structure represented by the following general formula (II) or (III), B represents a structure represented by the following general formula (VII), the respective structural units are random copolymerized, and at least one benzene ring in the formula (I) has at least one sulfo group.) ##STR00002## (In the above-mentioned general formula (II) or (III), R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 are each independently selected from hydrogen and an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, le and R.sup.2 form together with the carbon atom, they are attached to, an aromatic ring or a fused aromatic ring and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 form together with the carbon atom, they are attached to, an aromatic ring or a fused aromatic ring, or R.sup.1, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogens and R.sup.2 is a single bond and bonded to the carbon of “c”, X is a single bond, or a structure represented by the following formula (IV), the following formula (V) or the following formula (VI), when X is a single bond, bonds “a”s are both bonded at ortho positions or both bonded at meta positions relative to the carbons bonded to X, when X is a structure represented by the following formula (IV), bonds “a”s are both bonded at para positions relative to the carbons bonded to X, and when it is a structure represented by the following formula (V), bonds “a”s are both bonded at para positions or both bonded at meta positions relative to the carbons bonded to x, when X is a structure represented by the following formula (VI), the bonds “a”s in the above-mentioned general formula (II) or (III) exist only one of these, and A binds to other structure or a structural unit by one of the bonds “a”s and the bond “b”.) ##STR00003##

Provided are a polymer containing S,S-dioxide-dibenzothiophene in backbone chain with content-adjustable triarylamine end groups, and a preparation method and an application thereof. Triarylamines hole-transport small molecules are introduced into the polymer end group, and a content of the triarylamine end groups can be adjusted by controlling a polymer molecular weight, so that the polymer has better electron-transport and hole-transport capabilities, and charge carrier transport can be balanced, so that more exciton recombination takes place effectively, thus improving the luminous efficiency and stability of the polymer. The polymer is prepared by a Suzuki polymerization reaction and does not require synthesis of new monomers. The polymer material is used for preparing highly effective and stable monolayer devices, and is dissolved directly in an organic solvent, then spin-coated, ink-jet printed, or printed to form a film.

A polymer comprising ##STR00001##
wherein Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are optional and either the same or different and independently selected from an aryl group or an heteroaryl group. In this polymer, W is selected from the group consisting of: S, Se, O, and N-Q; and Q is selected from the group consisting of: a straight-chain or branched carbyl, silyl, or hydrocarbyl, a branched or cyclic alkyl with 1 to 30 atoms, a fused substituted aromatic ring, and a fused unsubstituted aromatic ring. Additionally, in the polymer, R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of: a straight-chain or branched carbyl, silyl, or hydrocarbyl, a branched or cyclic alkyl with 1 to 30 atoms, a fused substituted aromatic ring, and a fused unsubstituted aromatic ring and wherein x+y=1.

A method of forming a polymer, the method comprising combining 4,7-bis(5-bromo-4-alkyl thiophen-2-yl)-5-chloro-6-fluorobenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole, (3,3′-difluoro-[2,2′-bithiophene]-5,5′-diyl)bis(trimethylstannane), and benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl)bis(trimethylstannane), Pd2dba3 and P(o-tol)3 to form the polymer: ##STR00001## In this polymer, W is selected from the group consisting of: S, Se, O, and N-Q. Additionally, in this polymer Q is selected from the group consisting of: a straight-chain or branched carbyl, silyl, or hydrocarbyl, a branched or cyclic alkyl with 1 to 30 atoms, a fused substituted aromatic ring, and a fused unsubstituted aromatic ring. R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, and R.sub.5 are independently selected from the group consisting of: F, Cl, I, Br, CN, —NCO, —NCS, —OCN, —SCN, —OX, —SX, —NH.sub.2, —C(═O)X, —C(═O)—OX, —OX, —NHX, —NXX′, —C(═O)NHX, —C(═O)NXX′, —SO.sub.3X, —SO.sub.2X, —OH, —NO.sub.2, CF.sub.3, —SF.sub.5, a straight-chain or branched carbyl, silyl, or hydrocarbyl, a branched or cyclic alkyl with 1 to 30 atoms, a fused substituted aromatic ring, and a fused unsubstituted aromatic ring, and heteroaromatic rings. Additionally, in this polymer wherein the fused aromatic rings can be independently fused with groups consisting of: a straight-chain or branched carbyl, silyl, or hydrocarbyl, a branched or cyclic alkyl with 1 to 30 atoms, a fused substituted aromatic ring, and a fused unsubstituted aromatic ring; and the ratio of x is between 0.6 to 0.8 and y is between 0.2 and 0.4.

Polymerize ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) in a polymerization process using dinonylnaphthalenesulfonic acid (DNNSA) as the dopant and Fe(III) p-toluenesulfonate (Fe (III) p-TSA) as the oxidizing agent to produce an organically soluble polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT).

A conjugated polymer comprises repeating units as represented by formula (I),
A-B.sub.p  (I) p is the number of the repeating units, and p is an integer more than or equal to 1; and A has a structure as represented by formula (II), and B has a structure as represented by formula (II) or formula (III). ##STR00001## The described conjugated polymer has a higher triplet energy level and a higher charge transfer property.

The invention provides for polymer structures and their preparation and resulting novel functionalities including open-shell character and high intrinsic conductivity with wide-range tenability. Electrical conductivity can be further modulated by introducing or blending with materials, fillers, dopants, and/or additives. The materials or resultant composites of the invention can be processed by various techniques into different forms to realize multiple applications.

A conductive polymer composition having the resistance to moisture and heat in the coating film is provided. A conductive polymer composition comprising a solvent and a π-conjugated conductive polymer is provided. A vinyl sulfone group-containing compound containing a vinyl sulfone group as a dopant of the conductive polymer or an additive is included and when the conductive polymer composition contains the vinyl sulfone group-containing compound as the additive, the vinyl sulfone group-containing compound contains a plurality of vinyl sulfone groups.

Embodiments may relate to a microelectronic package comprising: a die and a package substrate coupled to the die with a first interconnect on a first face. The package substrate comprises: a second interconnect and a third interconnect on a second face opposite to the first face; a conductive signal path between the first interconnect and the second interconnect; a conductive ground path between the second interconnect and the third interconnect; and an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection material coupled to the conductive ground path. The ESD protection material comprises a first electrically-conductive carbon allotrope having a first functional group, a second electrically-conductive carbon allotrope having a second functional group, and an electrically-conductive polymer chemically bonded to the first functional group and the second functional group permitting an electrical signal to pass between the first and second electrically-conductive carbon allotropes.

Polymer comprising an indacen-4-one derivative, said polymer having general formula (IX), (X) or (XI): ##STR00001##
in which: W and W.sub.1, Z and Y, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, are as described; D represents an electron-donor group; A represents an electron-acceptor group; n is an integer ranging from 10 to 500.