To provide an electrolyte membrane that exhibits high proton conductivity even at low humidity, the electrolyte membrane includes a composite membrane including: a microporous polyolefin membrane that has an average pore diameter of 1 to 1000 nm and a porosity of 50 to 90% and that can be impregnated with a solvent having a surface free energy of 28 mJ/m.sup.2 or more, and an electrolyte containing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer having an EW of 250 to 850 loaded into the pores of the microporous polyolefin membrane, wherein the membrane thickness of the composite membrane is 1 to 20 μm.

To provide an electrolyte membrane that exhibits high proton conductivity even at low humidity, the electrolyte membrane includes a composite membrane including: a microporous polyolefin membrane that has an average pore diameter of 1 to 1000 nm and a porosity of 50 to 90% and that can be impregnated with a solvent having a surface free energy of 28 mJ/m.sup.2 or more, and an electrolyte containing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer having an EW of 250 to 850 loaded into the pores of the microporous polyolefin membrane, wherein the membrane thickness of the composite membrane is 1 to 20 μm.

A rigid polymer foam having specific characteristics in terms of resin absorption, and a structural element made from such rigid polymer foam and adapted to be used as a core layer in a multilayer structural element.

Methods and materials used for production of constructs having a porous open or semi-open celled structure. Constructs may include a porous matrix as a base and a biocompatible conformal coating thereon.

A cleaning article for cleaning a target surface is provided that includes a substrate having a first surface and second surface and a rheological solid composition comprising a crystallizing agent and an aqueous phase.

A cleaning article for cleaning a target surface is provided that includes a substrate having a first surface and second surface and a rheological solid composition comprising a crystallizing agent and an aqueous phase.

A cleaning implement for cleaning a target surface is provided that includes an erodible foam adapted to contact a surface to be cleaned and a rheological solid composition comprising a crystallizing agent and an aqueous phase.

A cleaning implement for cleaning a target surface is provided that includes an erodible foam adapted to contact a surface to be cleaned and a rheological solid composition comprising a crystallizing agent and an aqueous phase.

Disclosed are a method for a preparing fluorine- and chlorine-containing conductive polymer resin, a single-side or double-side filled composite film prepared using the fluorine- and chlorine-containing conductive polymer resin, and a method for preparing the film. The fluorine- and chlorine-containing conductive polymer single-side or double-side filled composite film comprises a microporous film skeleton and the fluorine- and a chlorine-containing conductive polymer resin. The composite film is mechanically stronger, more waterproof, more impervious to water and toxic and harmful chemicals, and more moisture permeability. When applied to biochemical protective clothing, it can greatly enhance the combat effectiveness of the soldiers because it is light and more impervious to water and toxic and harmful chemicals, brings about comfort, and keeps the soldiers warm. When applied to fuel cells, it can provide better electrical properties due to its high conductivity and can allow the fuel, such as hydrogen or alcohol, to burn more completely.

Disclosed are a method for a preparing fluorine- and chlorine-containing conductive polymer resin, a single-side or double-side filled composite film prepared using the fluorine- and chlorine-containing conductive polymer resin, and a method for preparing the film. The fluorine- and chlorine-containing conductive polymer single-side or double-side filled composite film comprises a microporous film skeleton and the fluorine- and a chlorine-containing conductive polymer resin. The composite film is mechanically stronger, more waterproof, more impervious to water and toxic and harmful chemicals, and more moisture permeability. When applied to biochemical protective clothing, it can greatly enhance the combat effectiveness of the soldiers because it is light and more impervious to water and toxic and harmful chemicals, brings about comfort, and keeps the soldiers warm. When applied to fuel cells, it can provide better electrical properties due to its high conductivity and can allow the fuel, such as hydrogen or alcohol, to burn more completely.