A hydrogel structure contains a hydrogel body containing water, a polymer, and a mineral, and a film on the surface of the hydrogel body, wherein the film has a peeling-off strength of 1.0 N/mm or more.

Biocarbon is presented as an alternative to synthetic carbon black. Master batches having biocarbon for usage in raw plastics and/or the production of composites. Biocarbon is mainly derived from plant biomass, but other sources can be used. A method of producing the master batch: (a) pyrolyzing processed biomass in an oxygen-starved environment to produced biocarbon; (b) comminuting the biocarbon in a reduced oxygen atmosphere; (c) cooling the comminuted biocarbon; (d) mixing the cooled comminuted biocarbon with a carrier resin, thereby producing the master batch.

The present invention relates to a halogenated polymer composite composition that encapsulates a mineral filler. In particular the present invention relates to a polymer composite composition comprising at least one halogen containing polymer and at least one mineral filler, characterized that the halogen containing polymer and the mineral filler are both in form of a dispersion in aqueous phase during the mixing of the halogen containing polymer and the mineral filler. More particularly the present invention relates to a manufacturing method for a polymer composite composition comprising the steps of mixing of at least one halogen containing polymer with at least one mineral filler and drying the mixture of previous step wherein the halogen containing polymer and the mineral filler in step are in form of a dispersion in aqueous phase.

A method for making ornamental trim for use in construction comprising applying a sealing composition having PVC particles in a flowable medium to a cut edge of a foam board, heating the sealing composition to a temperature at which the flowable medium solvates the PVC particles, and cooling the sealing composition to form a continuous sealing cap on the cut edge. A construction component consisting essentially of a foamed cellular board comprising smooth exterior surfaces separated by a cellular network and cut edges, and sealed caps adhered to the cut edges on the foamed cellular board comprising PVC in a polymer matrix. The board has a density of no more than 0.5 g/cm.sup.3, and the cut edges on which the sealed caps are adhered are unmelted edges.

This disclosure describes polymerization processes and processes for quenching polymerization reactions using reactive particulates, such as high molecular weight functionalized olefin copolymers, as quenching agents, typically in solution or bulk polymerization processes.

A chemical blowing agent for foaming a thermoplastic polymer, for example PVC plastisol or a polymer resin in an extrusion process, comprising a functionalized particulate bicarbonate containing at least one additive, preferably excluding an exothermic blowing agent. The additive may be selected from the group consisting of polymers; inorganic salts; oils; fats; resin acids, any derivative thereof, and salts thereof; amino acids; fatty acids; carboxylic or polycarboxylic acids, soaps; waxes; derivatives thereof; salts thereof; or any combinations thereof. The particulate bicarbonate may be functionalized by spray-drying, coating, extrusion or co-grinding with at least one additive. The functionalized particulate bicarbonate may comprise 50 wt % to less than 100 wt % of the bicarbonate component, and 0.02-50 wt % of the additive. A foamable polymer composition comprising such chemical blowing agent. A process for manufacturing a foamed polymer, such as foamed PVC, comprising shaping and heating the foamable polymer composition, and a foamed polymer obtained by such process.

A PVC veneer-overlaid plywood and a manufacturing method thereof. The PVC veneer-overlaid plywood includes a medium-and-high-density fiberboard, a PVC membrane and an ultraviolet paint. A hard, wear-resistant and highly transparent film will be formed after the ultraviolet paint sprayed on the PVC membrane is cured by ultraviolet light, so that the scratch-resistant, scratch-preventing, heat-resistant and durable effect is realized. In addition, the cured ultraviolet paint is stable in color; the flat mirror effect is better; and the paint film is full and free from wrinkles, so that the color uniformity of the surface of the coated film is effectively increased. It is convenient and quick to coat the surface of the plywood with the PVC membrane. The ultraviolet paint is high in coating efficiency, is low in coating cost, and is environmentally friendly.

Disclosed herein are a composition for an environment-friendly synthetic board including coffee sludge, which is used to manufacture an environment-friendly synthetic board, such as flooring, a molded synthetic board for architecture, or the like, by using coffee sludge that is left as residual waste after the sale of coffee in a specialty coffee shop, or the like, and a method of manufacturing an environment-friendly synthetic board by using the composition. The composition is formed by adding, per 100 parts by weight of coffee sludge powder, 12.5 to 15 parts by weight of synthetic resin, 4 to 8 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, 15 to 20 parts by weight of talc, and 1 to 4 parts by weight of plasticizer, and then mixing them.

The present invention provides a particularly advantageous form of alkaline earth metal hydroxystannate and alkaline earth metal stannate exhibiting a BET specific surface area of from 20 to 200 m2/g. A method of producing such particulate material and evidence of its benefits in use such as in at a reduction in a polymer sample at elevated temperature is also disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to the processing of a flexible polyvinyl chloride foam having predetermined characteristics formed from a polyvinyl chloride emulsion including polyvinyl chloride resin and a plasticizer by controlling one or more of the following: a concentration of stabilizer in the final foam, a heating rate during processing, a maximum temperature during fusion, and/or a total residence time during heating. Predetermined characteristics of interest for a flexible PVC foam may include, for example, low yellowness, uniform density, high compression modulus and/or a uniform cell morphology.