This disclosure pertains to novel polyvinyl chloride compositions containing polyvinyl chloride resins and copolyesters. More particularly, the present disclosure pertains to polyvinyl chloride compositions including high glass transition temperature (Tg) copolyesters to increase the Tg and the heat distortion temperature under load (HDTUL) of the polyvinyl chloride compositions.

This disclosure pertains to novel polyvinyl chloride compositions containing polyvinyl chloride resins and copolyesters. More particularly, the present disclosure pertains to polyvinyl chloride compositions including high glass transition temperature (Tg) copolyesters to increase the Tg and the heat distortion temperature under load (HDTUL) of the polyvinyl chloride compositions.

This disclosure pertains to novel polyvinyl chloride compositions containing polyvinyl chloride resins and copolyesters. More particularly, the present disclosure pertains to polyvinyl chloride compositions including high glass transition temperature (Tg) copolyesters to increase the Tg and the heat distortion temperature under load (HDTUL) of the polyvinyl chloride compositions.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes: a conductive support; a charge generation layer disposed on the conductive support, the charge generation layer including a charge generating material and a vinyl copolymer, the vinyl copolymer including a structural unit including a chlorine atom, a structural unit including an acyloxy group, and a structural unit including an aromatic polycarboxylic acid structure, a proportion of the structural unit including a chlorine atom to all the structural units being 80% by mass or more, a proportion of the structural unit including an aromatic polycarboxylic acid structure to all the structural units being 0.5% by mass or more; and a charge transport layer disposed on the charge generation layer, the charge transport layer including a charge transporting material and a binder resin.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes: a conductive support; a charge generation layer disposed on the conductive support, the charge generation layer including a charge generating material and a vinyl copolymer, the vinyl copolymer including a structural unit including a chlorine atom, a structural unit including an acyloxy group, and a structural unit including an aromatic polycarboxylic acid structure, a proportion of the structural unit including a chlorine atom to all the structural units being 80% by mass or more, a proportion of the structural unit including an aromatic polycarboxylic acid structure to all the structural units being 0.5% by mass or more; and a charge transport layer disposed on the charge generation layer, the charge transport layer including a charge transporting material and a binder resin.

A process for producing liquid overbased alkali or alkaline earth metal carboxylates is disclosed wherein a para-cumyl phenol is used as a promoter of the process and the carboxylates produced are used as stabilizers for PVC.

A process for producing liquid overbased alkali or alkaline earth metal carboxylates is disclosed wherein a para-cumyl phenol is used as a promoter of the process and the carboxylates produced are used as stabilizers for PVC.

A hydrotalcite is represented by formula (1):
(M.sup.2+).sub.1-X(M.sup.3+).sub.X(OH).sub.2(A.sup.n−).sub.X/n.Math.mH.sub.2O  (1), wherein M.sup.2+ indicates a divalent metal, M.sup.3+ indicates a trivalent metal, A.sup.n− indicates an n-valent anion, n indicates an integer of 1 to 6, 0.17≤x≤0.36, and 0≤m≤10. The hydrotalcite has (A) a lattice strain in the <003> direction is 3×10.sup.−3 or less as measured using an X-ray diffraction method; (B) primary particles with an average width between 5 nm and 200 nm inclusive per a SEM method; and (C) a degree of monodispersity of 50% or greater (degree of monodispersity (%)=(average width of primary particles as measured using the SEM method/average width of secondary particles as measured using a dynamic light scattering method)×100). A resin containing the hydrotalcite, a suspension containing the hydrotalcite and a method for producing the hydrotalcite are disclosed.

A hydrotalcite is represented by formula (1):
(M.sup.2+).sub.1-X(M.sup.3+).sub.X(OH).sub.2(A.sup.n−).sub.X/n.Math.mH.sub.2O  (1), wherein M.sup.2+ indicates a divalent metal, M.sup.3+ indicates a trivalent metal, A.sup.n− indicates an n-valent anion, n indicates an integer of 1 to 6, 0.17≤x≤0.36, and 0≤m≤10. The hydrotalcite has (A) a lattice strain in the <003> direction is 3×10.sup.−3 or less as measured using an X-ray diffraction method; (B) primary particles with an average width between 5 nm and 200 nm inclusive per a SEM method; and (C) a degree of monodispersity of 50% or greater (degree of monodispersity (%)=(average width of primary particles as measured using the SEM method/average width of secondary particles as measured using a dynamic light scattering method)×100). A resin containing the hydrotalcite, a suspension containing the hydrotalcite and a method for producing the hydrotalcite are disclosed.

The present invention relates to a vinyl chloride polymer and a production method thereof. More specifically, the present invention provides a vinyl chloride polymer having a polydispersity index of 2.0 to 2.3 and a porosity of 60% or greater and a production method thereof in which a vinyl chloride polymerization seed having a conversion rate of 5-20% is first prepared through preliminary polymerization and then a vinyl chloride monomer is introduced into the vinyl chloride polymerization seed to polymerize (main polymerization) a vinyl chloride polymer.