A composition including a fluoropolymer and substantially free from a compound represented by the following formula (3): (H—(CF.sub.2).sub.8—SO.sub.3).sub.qM.sup.2, wherein M.sup.2 is H, a metal atom, NR.sup.5.sub.4, imidazolium optionally containing a substituent, pyridinium optionally containing a substituent, or phosphonium optionally containing a substituent; R.sup.5s are each H or an organic group and are the same as or different from each other; and q is 1 or 2.

In various embodiments, a device is provided comprising a balloon configured to expand to an expanded state in response to introduction of a fluid at a first pressure, wherein the fluid perfuses through the balloon above a second pressure, the second pressure being the same or greater than the first pressure. In various embodiments, a method comprising fabricating a balloon configured to expand to an expanded state in response to introduction of a fluid at a first pressure, wherein the fluid perfuses through the balloon above a second pressure, the second pressure being at or greater than the first pressure, disposing the balloon on an elongate member having a lumen, placing the lumen in fluid communication with an interior volume of the balloon.

In various embodiments, a device is provided comprising a balloon configured to expand to an expanded state in response to introduction of a fluid at a first pressure, wherein the fluid perfuses through the balloon above a second pressure, the second pressure being the same or greater than the first pressure. In various embodiments, a method comprising fabricating a balloon configured to expand to an expanded state in response to introduction of a fluid at a first pressure, wherein the fluid perfuses through the balloon above a second pressure, the second pressure being at or greater than the first pressure, disposing the balloon on an elongate member having a lumen, placing the lumen in fluid communication with an interior volume of the balloon.

Provided are a fluororubber composition maintaining rubber properties and excellent in flowability and mold releasability as well as capable of reducing a cross-linking time when molded, and a fluororubber sealing material formed of the fluororubber composition. The fluororubber composition contains a polyol cross-linkable based fluororubber; an aliphatic acid amide based compound; at least one member selected from a phosphoric acid ester based compound, an aliphatic acid ester based compound and a fluorine-containing based compound; and a polyol based cross-linking agent. The fluororubber sealing material is formed of the fluororubber composition.

Provided are a fluororubber composition maintaining rubber properties and excellent in flowability and mold releasability as well as capable of reducing a cross-linking time when molded, and a fluororubber sealing material formed of the fluororubber composition. The fluororubber composition contains a polyol cross-linkable based fluororubber; an aliphatic acid amide based compound; at least one member selected from a phosphoric acid ester based compound, an aliphatic acid ester based compound and a fluorine-containing based compound; and a polyol based cross-linking agent. The fluororubber sealing material is formed of the fluororubber composition.

Provided are a fluororubber composition maintaining rubber properties and excellent in flowability and mold releasability as well as capable of reducing a cross-linking time when molded, and a fluororubber sealing material formed of the fluororubber composition. The fluororubber composition contains a polyol cross-linkable based fluororubber; an aliphatic acid amide based compound; at least one member selected from a phosphoric acid ester based compound, an aliphatic acid ester based compound and a fluorine-containing based compound; and a polyol based cross-linking agent. The fluororubber sealing material is formed of the fluororubber composition.

The present invention provides a crosslinking agent which can improve crosslinked fluoroelastomer high-temperature vapor resistance and a crosslinked fluoroelastomer having improved high-temperature vapor resistance. The present invention provides a compound having a structure represented by the following formula (1) (in the formula, R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 are each a hydrogen atom, a substituent, or a leaving group, and two or more of R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 are leaving groups; R.sup.a to R.sup.c are each a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and n is an integer from 2 to 5).

##STR00001##

The present invention provides a crosslinking agent which can improve crosslinked fluoroelastomer high-temperature vapor resistance and a crosslinked fluoroelastomer having improved high-temperature vapor resistance. The present invention provides a compound having a structure represented by the following formula (1) (in the formula, R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 are each a hydrogen atom, a substituent, or a leaving group, and two or more of R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 are leaving groups; R.sup.a to R.sup.c are each a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and n is an integer from 2 to 5).

##STR00001##

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing low-molecular-weight polytetrafluoroethylene, comprising: a) a first step of mixing high-molecular-weight polytetrafluoroethylene with at least one additive selected from the group consisting of ethers having formula R.sup.1—O—R.sup.2, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected among C.sub.1-C.sub.10 straight or branched aliphatic group, C.sub.4-C.sub.10 alicyclic or heterocyclic groups, C.sub.5-C.sub.10 aromatic or heteroaromatic groups; (per)fluorinated vinyl ethers; (per)fluorinated olefins; and optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbons, and b) a second step of irradiating the so obtained mixture with ionizing radiation, said second step b) being carried out substantially in the absence of oxygen.

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing low-molecular-weight polytetrafluoroethylene, comprising: a) a first step of mixing high-molecular-weight polytetrafluoroethylene with at least one additive selected from the group consisting of ethers having formula R.sup.1—O—R.sup.2, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected among C.sub.1-C.sub.10 straight or branched aliphatic group, C.sub.4-C.sub.10 alicyclic or heterocyclic groups, C.sub.5-C.sub.10 aromatic or heteroaromatic groups; (per)fluorinated vinyl ethers; (per)fluorinated olefins; and optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbons, and b) a second step of irradiating the so obtained mixture with ionizing radiation, said second step b) being carried out substantially in the absence of oxygen.