A coating composition which imparts antifog, antireflective, easy-cleaning, and/or antistatic properties to substrates coated therewith. The coating compositions utilize nanoparticles functionalized with amine groups and/or protected amine groups, and amine-reactive groups.

Substantially truly spherical silica-coated silicone rubber particles which do not have blocking problems are easily produced, and exhibit excellent dispersion stability, stability during the isolation of particles, and stability of physical properties. The silica-coated silicone rubber particles include silicone rubber particles and a coating layer thereon configured to coat the surface of the silicone rubber particle and formed from silica particles, in a coating amount of 2.010.sup.9 to 3.210.sup.6 kg/m.sup.2. The particles have a sphericity of 0.8 to 1.0.

The present invention provides granulated silica including water-granulated silica powders, each of the silica powders having a primary particle size of 5 to 50 nm and a surface hydrophobized with a silicon atom-containing hydrophobizing agent; the granulated silica having a degree of hydrophobization of 40 or more and a loose bulk density of 150 g/L or more. This provides granulated silica that is excellent in handleability and has good dispersibility.

The present invention relates to a fluorescent particulate material, formed from particles of an oxide of an element M, some of the atoms M of which bear a cationic group of formula (I) all or some of said cationic radicals of formula (I) being combined ionically with an anionic form of an organic compound A, which is fluorescent in the visible region, said anionic form of an organic compound A bearing at least one sulfonate group and/or at least one carboxylate group.

##STR00001##

Radically polymerizable silane according to the general formula I

##STR00001##

in which R.sup.1 is a linear or branched aliphatic C.sub.1-C.sub.9-alkyl radical, phenyl or alkylated phenyl radical, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 independently of each other in each case are absent or are a linear or branched aliphatic C.sub.1-C.sub.20-alkylene radical, which can be interrupted by S or O atoms, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 independently of each other in each case are Cl, OCH.sub.3, OC.sub.2H.sub.5, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2H.sub.5, X is CH.sub.2 or O, Y is absent, or is O or NR, wherein R is H or a C.sub.1-5-alkyl radical, and Z is absent, or is O, NR, COO, CONR, OCOO, OCONR, or NRCONR, wherein R is H or a C.sub.1-5-alkyl radical and wherein the radicals R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 cannot be absent at the same time and Z is absent if R.sup.2 or R.sup.3 is absent, polycondensates based thereon and fillers surface-modified therewith.

The present invention is directed to a specific class on pigment reactive silicone polymers that contain both higher alkyl groups and reactive trialkoxy silanes present in the backbone of a specific silicone polymer. By carefully selecting the proper reactive silicone polymer and treating the pigment with said polymer a surprisingly stable and efficient coating is applied the pigment, most importantly ZnO and TiO.sub.2 as to render photo stability and alter solubility of the pigment in a variety of solvents.

Coating compositions are described including silica nanoparticles functionalized with an alkenyl silane, a dispersing agent, and a compound including a polyethylene oxide segment containing at least one hydroxyl group, at least one silane, and optionally a hydrophobic group. The coating compositions further include at least two multifunctional (meth) acrylate monomers. Also described are articles including the dried and cured coating composition disposed on a substrate. The articles exhibit anti-fog characteristics and often also mechanical durability.

A silica sol including silica particles exhibiting an average particle diameter distribution having at least two peaks, the silica sol being characterized in that the at least two peaks include the largest peak a, in a range of D50-D90, being present in a range of 35-200 nm, and the largest peak b, in a range of D10-D50, being present in a range from 5 nm to less than 35 nm, and that the surfaces of at least some of silica particles include an organic group bonded directly to a silicon atom via an SiC bond, and an alkoxy group including a methoxy group or an ethoxy group, wherein the alkoxy group is bonded to the surface of the silica particles at a ratio of 0.6-3.0 alkoxy groups/nm.sup.2.

Silica particles have a dielectric loss tangent of 0.01 or less at 1 GHz and satisfy the requirements (i), (ii) and (iii): (i) an average primary particles diameter of 5 nm to 120 nm; (ii) a ratio of a specific surface area by water vapor adsorption (S.sub.H2O) to a specific surface area by nitrogen adsorption (S.sub.N2 i.e., (S.sub.H2O/S.sub.N2) of 0.6 or less; and (iii) a total silanol group content of 5% or less as determined by the following Formula (1): total silanol group content (%)=(Q2?2/4+Q3?1/4+Q4?0/4) . . . Formula (1) [in Formula (1), each of Q2, Q3 and Q4 is the proportion (%) of the peak areas derived from silicon atom structures], and a silica dispersion.

The aminosilane-modified colloidal silica dispersion contains colloidal silica particles having surfaces to which there are bound a first silyl group represented by the following formula (1): R.sup.1.sub.aSi(OR.sup.2).sub.3-aO and a second silyl group represented by the following formula (2): R.sup.3.sub.bSi(OR.sup.4).sub.3-bO and, as a dispersion medium, a mixed solvent formed of a polar solvent S1 having a dielectric constant at 20 C. of 15 or higher and lower than 60 and a non-polar solvent S2 having a dielectric constant at 20 C. of 1 or higher and lower than 15, at a mass ratio (S1/S2) of 0.3 to 6.