Particles with suitable properties may be generated. The particles may include carbon particles.

Suggested is a carbon black composition showing a narrow Aggregate Size Distribution (ASD) characterized by a D.sub.50/D.sub.mode value of about 0.58 to about 0.65 and a Relative Span (D.sub.90-D.sub.10)/D.sub.50 of about 0.5 to about 0.8, which is obtainable by means of a modified furnace reactor. The composition shows superior additive performance and allows producing e.g. bus or truck tires with improved wear resistance and reinforcement.

Suggested is a carbon black composition showing a narrow Aggregate Size Distribution (ASD) characterized by a D.sub.50/D.sub.mode value of about 0.58 to about 0.65 and a Relative Span (D.sub.90-D.sub.10)/D.sub.50 of about 0.5 to about 0.8, which is obtainable by means of a modified furnace reactor. The composition shows superior additive performance and allows producing e.g. bus or truck tires with improved wear resistance and reinforcement.

An electrode, includes an electrically conductive substrate; and a composition supported by a surface of the electrically conductive substrate, the composition comprising carbon black particles having a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area ranging from 80 m.sup.2/g to 1100 m.sup.2/g, an oil absorption number equal to or less than 300 mL/100 g, a surface energy of 10 mJ/m.sup.2 or less, and a particle size distribution with a D.sub.50 value equal to or less than 165 nm.

An electrode, includes an electrically conductive substrate; and a composition supported by a surface of the electrically conductive substrate, the composition comprising carbon black particles having a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area ranging from 80 m.sup.2/g to 1100 m.sup.2/g, an oil absorption number equal to or less than 300 mL/100 g, a surface energy of 10 mJ/m.sup.2 or less, and a particle size distribution with a D.sub.50 value equal to or less than 165 nm.

The present invention relates to a furnace black having a STSA surface area of at 130 m.sup.2/g to 350 m.sup.2/g wherein the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.1 if the STSA surface area is in the range of 130 m.sup.2/g to 150 m.sup.2/g, the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.2 if the STSA surface area is greater than 150 m.sup.2/g to 180 m.sup.2/g, the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.3 if the STSA surface area is greater than 180 m.sup.2/g; and
the STSA surface area and the BET surface area are measured according to ASTM D 6556 and to a furnace process wherein the stoichiometric ratio of combustible material to O.sub.2 when forming a combustion gas stream is adjusted to obtain a k factor of less than 1.2 and the inert gas concentration in the reactor is increased while limiting the CO.sub.2 amount fed to the reactor. Also provided is an apparatus for conducting the process according to the present invention.

The present invention relates to a furnace black having a STSA surface area of at 130 m.sup.2/g to 350 m.sup.2/g wherein the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.1 if the STSA surface area is in the range of 130 m.sup.2/g to 150 m.sup.2/g, the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.2 if the STSA surface area is greater than 150 m.sup.2/g to 180 m.sup.2/g, the ratio of BET surface area to STSA surface area is less than 1.3 if the STSA surface area is greater than 180 m.sup.2/g; and
the STSA surface area and the BET surface area are measured according to ASTM D 6556 and to a furnace process wherein the stoichiometric ratio of combustible material to O.sub.2 when forming a combustion gas stream is adjusted to obtain a k factor of less than 1.2 and the inert gas concentration in the reactor is increased while limiting the CO.sub.2 amount fed to the reactor. Also provided is an apparatus for conducting the process according to the present invention.

A method to produce carbonblack includes, in a carbonblack reactor having combustion zone and a reaction zone and a feedstock injection zone therebetween, converting a portion of at least one hydrocarbon feedstock to carbon black in the presence of combustion gases generated by burning a fuel in an oxidation gas mixture containing low amounts of nitrogen to form a product stream in which carbon black is carried by hot gases. The carbon black is separated from the hot gas, which is then processed to produce a flue gas high in carbon dioxide and low in nitrogen at least a portion of which is redirected to at least one of the combustion zone, the reaction zone, and the feedstock injection zone.

An apparatus (100) for the pyrolytic decomposition of a hydrocarbon fuel into a plurality of products including a reaction chamber (102) and an electrically conducting coil (104) surrounding the reaction chamber (102). The reaction chamber (102) has an inlet, for supplying hydrocarbon fuel into the reaction chamber (102) and an outlet for the products of the pyrolytic decomposition, and the electrically conducting coil (104) surrounds the reaction chamber (102) between the inlet and the outlet. The electrically conducting coil (102) receives an alternating current and heats the reaction chamber (102) by induction.

An apparatus (100) for the pyrolytic decomposition of a hydrocarbon fuel into a plurality of products including a reaction chamber (102) and an electrically conducting coil (104) surrounding the reaction chamber (102). The reaction chamber (102) has an inlet, for supplying hydrocarbon fuel into the reaction chamber (102) and an outlet for the products of the pyrolytic decomposition, and the electrically conducting coil (104) surrounds the reaction chamber (102) between the inlet and the outlet. The electrically conducting coil (102) receives an alternating current and heats the reaction chamber (102) by induction.