A non-ASTM low hysteresis carbon black chemically treated, and surface coated with a compound comprising at least one amine group and at least one thiol group, and/or di- and/or polysulfidic linkage is herein disclosed. The surface modified low hysteresis carbon blacks are post treated to remove excess surface modified compound to form refined surface modified low hysteresis carbon blacks.

A non-ASTM low hysteresis carbon black chemically treated, and surface coated with a compound comprising at least one amine group and at least one thiol group, and/or di- and/or polysulfidic linkage is herein disclosed. The surface modified low hysteresis carbon blacks are post treated to remove excess surface modified compound to form refined surface modified low hysteresis carbon blacks.

Provided herein are compositions comprising solutions or colloids of allotropes of carbon, in particular fullerenes, graphenes or single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs or polymers of fullerenes) in solvents selected from terpenes, lactones or fatty acid or terpene alcohols. The carbon allotropes remain in solution following ultrasonication and ultracentrifugation processing. Suitably the solvents are selected from monoterpene cyclic ethers, cyclic terpenes, cyclic triterpenoid species, cyclic triterpenoid steroidal species, or terpene alcohols. The compositions are made by combining the solvents with the allotrope of carbon with cavitation. Methods of using these compositions are also provided.

Provided herein are compositions comprising solutions or colloids of allotropes of carbon, in particular fullerenes, graphenes or single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs or polymers of fullerenes) in solvents selected from terpenes, lactones or fatty acid or terpene alcohols. The carbon allotropes remain in solution following ultrasonication and ultracentrifugation processing. Suitably the solvents are selected from monoterpene cyclic ethers, cyclic terpenes, cyclic triterpenoid species, cyclic triterpenoid steroidal species, or terpene alcohols. The compositions are made by combining the solvents with the allotrope of carbon with cavitation. Methods of using these compositions are also provided.

Methods of encapsulating particles (260) in polymer (280, 382, 384) and compositions of matter using such encapsulated particles (260). Methods include mixing particles (260) of one or more materials with one or more initial radical polymerizable monomers (265) and one or more initial charge-generating components (270) to form a first suspension of monomer-wetted particles (260/265/270), mixing the first suspension with an aqueous dispersant medium (275) to form a second suspension, adding one or more initial reaction initiators to at least one of the first suspension and the second suspension, subjecting the second suspension to homogenization sufficient to form a stable submicron emulsion having an aqueous continuous phase (275), and reacting available radical polymerizable monomers (265) of the emulsion to encapsulate the particles (260) in one or more layers of polymer (280, 382, 384) and to incorporate ionic species from available charge-generating components (270).

Methods of encapsulating particles (260) in polymer (280, 382, 384) and compositions of matter using such encapsulated particles (260). Methods include mixing particles (260) of one or more materials with one or more initial radical polymerizable monomers (265) and one or more initial charge-generating components (270) to form a first suspension of monomer-wetted particles (260/265/270), mixing the first suspension with an aqueous dispersant medium (275) to form a second suspension, adding one or more initial reaction initiators to at least one of the first suspension and the second suspension, subjecting the second suspension to homogenization sufficient to form a stable submicron emulsion having an aqueous continuous phase (275), and reacting available radical polymerizable monomers (265) of the emulsion to encapsulate the particles (260) in one or more layers of polymer (280, 382, 384) and to incorporate ionic species from available charge-generating components (270).

A method for forming a blend including graphene nanoparticles and a poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate), where the method includes melt mixing the poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate) and the graphene nanoparticles to obtain a nanocomposite and exposing the nanocomposite to microwave irradiation to bond the methyl methacrylate copolymer to the graphene nanoparticles, in which a content of the graphene nanoparticles is from 0.05 to 2 wt % based on the nanocomposites. A blend composition, including graphene nanoparticles and a poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate), where the graphene nanoparticles are dispersed in the poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate), the graphene nanoparticles are modified with microwave induced defects, and the free radicals of poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate) is bonded to the graphene nanoparticles at the defects.

A method for forming a blend including graphene nanoparticles and a poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate), where the method includes melt mixing the poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate) and the graphene nanoparticles to obtain a nanocomposite and exposing the nanocomposite to microwave irradiation to bond the methyl methacrylate copolymer to the graphene nanoparticles, in which a content of the graphene nanoparticles is from 0.05 to 2 wt % based on the nanocomposites. A blend composition, including graphene nanoparticles and a poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate), where the graphene nanoparticles are dispersed in the poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate), the graphene nanoparticles are modified with microwave induced defects, and the free radicals of poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate) is bonded to the graphene nanoparticles at the defects.

Disclosed herein inkjet ink compositions comprising: (a) a carbon black having the following properties: OAN170 mL/100 g; and STSA ranging from 160 to 220 m.sup.2/g; (b) at least one polymeric dispersant selected from polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene block copolymers, styrene-acrylic resins, styrene-methacrylic resins, styrene-maleic acid copolymers, and styrene- maleic anhydride copolymers; (c) at least one surfactant selected from ethoxylated siloxanes, succinic acid esters, and succinic acid salts; and (d) at least one polyurethane.

The present invention relates to ester-coated core particles, thermoplastic polymer composition comprising a thermo-plastic polymer and such coated particles, a method for producing ester coated particles and the use of compositions of the invention as fillers or pigments with improved dispersion properties and pourability.