Provided are a polymer, a resin composition, and an antifouling coating material composition which are capable of forming a coating film having both of water resistance and antifouling properties resulting from superhydrophilicity; a method for producing the polymer; a method for forming a structure for stabilizing a carbamate on a surface of a coating film using the polymer; and a method for regenerating a structure for stabilizing a carbamate on a surface of a coating film using the polymer. The polymer having a structure which reacts with CO.sub.2 in the presence of water and stabilizes a formed carbamate, in which Expression (1) is satisfied.

Contact angle in water after reaction with CO.sub.2contact angle in water before reaction with CO.sub.210Expression (1)

Coated articles demonstrating anti-fouling properties are provided, comprising: (a) a substrate comprising sapphire; (b) an adhesion promoting layer applied to the substrate; and (c) a top layer comprising at least an anti-fouling coating applied to the adhesion promoting layer. The adhesion promoting layer is formed from a curable sol-gel composition and has a dry film thickness less than 1000 nm after curing. The present invention also provides a method of forming a coated article comprising: (a) applying a curable film-forming sol-gel composition on a sapphire substrate, to form a coated substrate with a sol-gel adhesion promoting layer having a dry film thickness less than 1000 nm after curing; (b) subjecting the coated substrate to a temperature of at least 500 C. to effect cure of the sol-gel composition; and (c) applying at least an anti-fouling coating on the adhesion promoting layer to form a multi-layer, coated article.

The present invention relates to a coating composition with 10 to 100% by weight of a non-fluorinated compound mixture, which comprises at least one compound b and at least one compound a, c, or d: a) alkali metal salt of poly(meth)acrylic acid, alkali metal salt of poly(meth)acrylic acid copolymer, ammonium compound or amine salt of poly(meth)acrylic acid, ammonium compound or amine salt of poly(meth)acrylic acid copolymer, or mixtures thereof; b) silicone polyether, alkali metal salt of silicone polyether carboxylate, ammonium compound or amine salt of silicone polyether carboxylate, or mixtures thereof; c) salt of hydrolyzed -olefin/maleic anhydride copolymer, salt of esterified -olefin/maleic anhydride copolymer, -olefin/maleic anhydride copolymer amic acid resin or salt thereof, or mixtures thereof; or d) polycarboxylate calcium sequestrants or mixtures thereof. Such coatings exhibit improved soil and stain cleaning performance.

The present invention is a paint additive containing a siloxane-branched polyether-modified silicone shown by an average composition formula (1) R.sup.1.sub.aR.sup.2.sub.bR.sup.3.sub.cSiO.sub.(4-a-b-c)/2 and having a weight-average molecular weight in a range of 500 to 100,000. In the formula (1), R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, or an organic group shown by a general formula (2) C.sub.mH.sub.2mO(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.d(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.eR.sup.4. R.sup.2 represents a group shown by a general formula (3) C.sub.mH.sub.2mO(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.f(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.gR.sup.5; each R.sup.3 represents an organosiloxane shown by the following general formula (4). R.sup.4 represents a hydrocarbon group, or an organic group shown by R.sup.6(CO). R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, or an organic group shown by R.sup.6(CO). R.sup.6 represents a hydrocarbon group. Thus, the present invention provides a paint additive and a paint composition with small environmental load and imparting excellent antifouling performance.

##STR00001##

The present invention is an additive for water-based paint, containing a siloxane-branched polyether-modified silicone shown by an average composition formula (1) R.sup.1.sub.aR.sup.2.sub.bR.sup.3.sub.cSiO.sub.(4-a-b-c)/2 and having a weight-average molecular weight in a range of 500 to 100,000. In the formula (1), R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, or an organic group shown by a general formula (2) C.sub.mH.sub.2mO(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.d(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.eR.sup.4. R.sup.2 represents a group shown by a general formula (3)C.sub.mH.sub.2mO (C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.f(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.gR.sup.5; each R.sup.3 represents an organosiloxane shown by the following general formula (4). R.sup.4 represents a hydrocarbon group, or an organic group shown by R.sup.6(CO). R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, or an organic group shown by R.sup.6(CO). R.sup.6 represents a hydrocarbon group. The siloxane branched polyether-modified silicone satisfies expressions (I), (II). Thus, this invention provides: a paint additive and a paint composition, particularly a water-based paint, with small environmental load and imparting excellent antifouling performance.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a coating material containing a resin component ? and an oil component. An SP value of the resin component ? is 7.5 to 11.0 (cal/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2, and the oil component can exude out from a cured or dried coating film layer to which the coating material has been applied when a temperature drops to a predetermined value or less.

The present teaching provides a water repellant and oil repellant film composition comprising a siloxane compound represented by formula (1) or a cured product of the siloxane compound. ##STR00001##
(In formula (1), each R.sup.1 denotes at least one atom or group that is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, organic groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond that is able to be hydrosilylated, and alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, each R.sup.2 denotes at least one atom or group that is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, organic groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond that is able to be hydrosilylated, and alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (the R.sup.2 groups in a single molecule may be the same as, or different from, each other). Each R.sup.3 denotes at least one atom or group that is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, organic groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond that is able to be hydrosilylated, and alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (the R.sup.3 groups in a single molecule may be the same as, or different from, each other), each R.sup.4 denotes an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and at least some of the R.sup.2 groups or at least some of the R.sup.3 groups are hydrogen atoms and organic groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond that is able to be hydrosilylated. w and x each denote a positive number, v, y and z each denote 0 or a positive number, and the value of x/(v+w+x+y) is 0.2 or more.)

A coated substrate for an electronic device can include a substrate, a basecoat layer on the substrate, and an anti-fingerprint topcoat layer on the basecoat layer. The substrate can include a metal or metal alloy. The basecoat layer can include pigment particles and a first one-part thermally cured polymeric resin. The anti-fingerprint topcoat layer can include a second one-part thermally cured polymeric resin and an anti-fingerprint material. The anti-fingerprint material can include a fluoropolymer, a silane, or a combination thereof. The basecoat layer can be cured before applying the anti-fingerprint topcoat layer on the basecoat layer.

The application is directed to polymer coatings which can be modified to control biointerfacial interactions including biofilm formation and protein adsorption onto said coatings. The polymer coatings comprise a First Component comprising epoxide or alkenyl groups, and a Second Component comprising at least one amine group. The polymer coatings further comprise at least one bioactive agent which may control said biofilm formation and/or protein adsorption. Also disclosed herein are methods for producing said coatings incorporating bioactive molecules in one or two step procedures on a substrate. The polymer coating may be immobilised on the substrate via the reaction of functional groups present on the First Component and/or Second Component with complimentary functional groups disposed on at least one surface of the substrate.

A method for preparing a zwitterionic co-polymer comprising the steps of: a) providing a solution of at least one ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable zwitterionic monomer dissolved in a solvent; b) combining said solution of zwitterionic monomer with at least one co-monomer being selected from cationic, anionic and non-ionic ethylenically unsaturated monomers; c) polymerizing the zwitterionic monomer and said at least one co-monomer in the presence of said solvent to form a solution or dispersion of co-polymer; and, d) replacing at least part of said solvent with a further solvent in which said co-polymer shows sufficient solubility to form a solution of said co-polymer in that further solvent. Step b) and step c) of this method may be performed sequentially or concurrently.