The invention relates to a multilayer superoleophobic and/or superhydrophobic material comprising: on the one hand, a first constituent that is a conductive substrate or a substrate that has previously been rendered conductive (1): the surface of which is modified by chemical and/or physical treatment (2) and that incorporates a first adhesion-promoting conductive layer (3); or that incorporates a first adhesion-promoting conductive layer (3); and, on the other hand, at least one other constituent that is a superoleophobic and/or superhydrophobic polymer or copolymer layer (4, 5 or 6) composed of one or more monomers based on an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring substituted by one or more fluorocarbon and/or hydrocarbon chains. It is characterized in that the various constituents of said material comply with an increasing hydrophobicity gradient between the first layer deposited on the conductive substrate or substrate previously rendered conductive (1) and the last layer of said material.

The invention relates to compositions and methods of treatment employing compositions comprising polyelectrolyte complexes. The compositions include a water-soluble first polyelectrolyte bearing a net cationic charge or capable of developing a net cationic charge and a water-soluble second polyelectrolyte bearing a net anionic charge or capable of developing a net anionic charge. The total polyelectrolyte concentration of the first solution is at least 110 millimolar. The composition is free of coacervates, precipitates, latex particles, synthetic block copolymers, silicone copolymers, cross-linked poly(acrylic) and cross-linked water-soluble polyelectrolyte. The composition may be a concentrate, to be diluted prior to use to treat a surface.

An antifouling coating composition contains a silyl ester (co)polymer and medetomidine and is used to prevent the fouling of substrates by aquatic organisms and which can form antifouling coating films exhibiting outstanding antifouling properties over a long period and also has good storage stability. The antifouling coating composition includes a silyl ester (co)polymer (A) and medetomidine (B), the silyl ester (co)polymer (A) including structural units derived from a monomer (a) represented by the general formula (I): R.sup.1CHC(CH.sub.3)COO(SiR.sup.2R.sup.3O).sub.nSiR.sup.4R.sup.5R.sup.6, and structural units derived from an unsaturated monomer (b) copolymerizable with the monomer (a).

A method for manufacturing a dual ovenable, repulpable coated cellulosic board for forming food containers includes: coating an aqueous-based acrylic polymer blend barrier basecoat on a first major side of a cellulosic board substrate; and coating an aqueous-based acrylic polymer blend barrier topcoat on the aqueous-based acrylic polymer blend barrier basecoat, wherein an oleophobicity of the aqueous-based acrylic polymer blend barrier basecoat is higher than an oleophobicity of the aqueous-based acrylic polymer blend barrier topcoat.

A surface treatment includes a functional component and a linking component, wherein the linking component is capable of hydrogen bonding and/or covalently linking with the functional component and is capable of hydrogen bonding and/or covalently linking with the surface to form a treated surface. The surface treatment provides a beneficial property to the surface when the surface treatment is bonded to the surface.

Provided is a hydrophilic copolymer containing (a) a constituent unit represented by formula (1) and (b) a constituent unit represented by formula (2), wherein the content of constituent unit (a) is 5-60 mass %, and the total content of constituent units (a) and (b) is 30 mass % or more.

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R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or methyl group, R.sup.2 is an alkyl group or aryl group, X.sup.1 is NH or O, n is an integer from 1 to 6, Y.sup.1? is any anion, R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or methyl group, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 is an alkyl group or aryl group, X.sup.2 is NH or O, m is an integer from 1 to 10, e is an integer from 1 to 10, k is an integer from 1 to 3, and the asterisk * represents a bond to an adjacent constituent unit.

The invention relates to an outer coating of a ship's hull in the underwater area, wherein the coating comprises a bottom layer on the hull exterior, said layer being made of an adhesive or an ethylene-propylene-diene rubber and being particularly designed as a film, and a superimposed top layer made of an ultra high-molecular weight polyethylene.

Surfaces are modified with polymeric or monomeric amic acids that also comprise one or more tertiary amine functional groups. The amic acids may provide benefits including hydrophilicity, soil resistance, and corrosion inhibition to the treated surfaces. Compositions and methods for treating surfaces are provided.

A rain-test resistant, high-vapor-permeable, water-repellent and water-resistant manufacturing process for making such fabrics is provided. It is used in the dyeing and finishing process of fabric in which the fabric is treated with the treatment roller, knife roller, and spray methods. These combined methods can coat water-repellent agent on the fabric and form a very thin film on the fabric. This protective film on the fabric enhances the wash resistance of the fabric while it will not adversely affect the water repellence and water resistance of the fabric. Moreover, this technique of forming a very thin water-repellent film on the fabric rules out the conventional method with which the water-repellent agent dipped within the fabric structure is easily washed out with regular laundry of the fabric due to the lesser amount of the agent being attached onto the fabric.

According to various embodiments, systems, methods, and computer program products for click-chemistry compatible structures, additive manufacturing resins for forming the same, and method of formation of such structures and resins, as well as techniques for functionalizing click-chemistry compatible structures are disclosed. The inventive structures generally include a plurality of photo polymerized molecules structurally arranged according to a three-dimensional pattern, while surfaces of the structure are functionalized with one or more click-chemistry compatible molecules each having one or more click-chemistry compatible functional groups. The structures may be formed from single- or dual-component resins, each having unique synthetic pathways. The resulting structures may be functionalized for utility in a wide range of applications by leveraging click chemistry to further functionalize the structure with organic additives also compatible with click-chemistry reaction schemes.