A surface treatment liquid capable of making a surface of a treatment target hydrophilic or hydrophobic without including a resin having a coating film formation property, and a surface treatment method using the surface treatment liquid. The surface treatment liquid includes a resin, a solvent and a strong acid having a pKa of 1 or less. The resin includes a functional group I that is at least one of a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and a carboxyl group, and a functional group II that is a hydrophilic group or a hydrophobic group other than the functional group I.

A method for producing an optical film includes: (1) applying a lower layer resin and an upper layer resin; (2) forming a resin layer having the uneven structure on a surface thereof by pressing a mold against the lower layer resin and the upper layer resin from the upper layer resin side in the state where the applied lower layer resin and upper layer resin are stacked; and (3) curing the resin layer, the lower layer resin containing at least one kind of first monomer that contains no fluorine atoms, the upper layer resin containing a fluorine-containing monomer and at least one kind of second monomer that contains no fluorine atoms, at least one of the first monomer and the second monomer containing a compatible monomer that is compatible with the fluorine-containing monomer and being dissolved in the lower layer resin and the upper layer resin.

An article includes an optically transparent substrate, an amorphous carbon layer formed on at least a portion of the optically transparent substrate, and an oleophobic layer attached to the optically transparent substrate by the amorphous carbon layer. The oleophobic coating, where present, may be attached to the substrate through the amorphous carbon layer. The article may be used as a cover for an electronic device.

An underwater curable epoxy resin composition and an underwater curable paint containing a main agent epoxy resin and an underwater curable epoxy resin curing agent containing a reaction composition (A) containing a reaction product of styrene and a polyamine compound represented by the following formula (1); a cured product thereof; and an underwater curable epoxy resin curing agent mixture containing the underwater curable epoxy resin curing agent and a curing accelerator.

H.sub.2NCH.sub.2ACH.sub.2NH.sub.2(1)

wherein A is a 1,2-phenylene group, a 1,3-phenylene group, or a 1,4-phenylene group.

Provided herein are multilayer structures comprising superhydrophobic coatings, methods of making, and methods of using. Also set forth herein are improved adhesives with include PTFE or other fluoropolymers as a superhydrophobic surface. Also set forth herein are improved adhesives with can be applied as a paint to a surface. These superhydrophobic surfaces are useful for a variety of applications, including, but not limited to, drag reduction, as an anti-fouling surface in marine engineering, and as sealants and gaskets in static applications.

Durable polyurea copolymer coatings can be applied to surfaces that come in contact with fluids, such as biological fluids, thereby passivating the surface. Polyurea copolymer coating compositions comprise a reaction product of (a) a diamine composition that includes a polyethylene glycol diamine, and optionally, a dipiperidyl alkane; and (b) a diisocyanate. Solutions containing polyurea copolymers, coated surfaces and methods are also described.

A water-repellent composition containing (1) a polymer having 2-100 wt %, with respect to the polymer, of a repeating unit derived from an amide group-containing monomer (a) represented by the following formula ##STR00001##
[wherein R.sup.1 is an organic moiety having an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable group, R.sup.2 is a C.sub.7-30 hydrocarbon group, and R.sup.3 is a C.sub.1-5 hydrocarbon group], (2) a co-agent containing at least one co-agent compound selected from the group consisting of a blocked isocyanate compound, a melamine resin, a silicone polymer, a wax, an acetylene-based emulsifier, and a polyoxyalkylene group-containing emulsifier, and (3) a liquid media. Preferably, the water-repellent composition includes no fluoroalkyl group-containing monomer, and preferably no fluorine-containing monomer. Also disclosed is a method for producing the water-repellent composition, a method for treating a substrate with the water-repellent composition, and a method for producing a treated textile product which includes treating a textile product with the water-repellent composition.

A surface treatment includes a functional component and a linking component, wherein the linking component is capable of hydrogen bonding and/or covalently linking with the functional component and is capable of hydrogen bonding and/or covalently linking with the surface to form a treated surface. The surface treatment provides a beneficial property to the surface when the surface treatment is bonded to the surface.

The invention relates to compositions and methods of treatment employing compositions comprising polyelectrolyte complexes. The compositions include a water-soluble first polyelectrolyte bearing a net cationic charge or capable of developing a net cationic charge and a water-soluble second polyelectrolyte bearing a net anionic charge or capable of developing a net anionic charge. The total polyelectrolyte concentration of the first solution is at least 110 millimolar. The composition is free of coacervates, precipitates, latex particles, synthetic block copolymers, silicone copolymers, cross-linked poly(acrylic) and cross-linked water-soluble polyelectrolyte. The composition may be a concentrate, to be diluted prior to use to treat a surface.

An erodible antifouling coating composition for application, for example,to ship's hulls to potentially prevent the adhesion and build up of fouling agents on the hull is described. The coating composition comprises an erodible binder system excluding a triorgano tin based binder; optionally, one or more antifouling agents; and at least one silicone oil. A process for producing the composition, a substrate coated with the composition, and a process of coating a substrate with the composition are also described.