The present invention relates to the field of optical effect layers (OEL) including magnetically oriented non-spherical oblate magnetic or magnetizable pigment particles on a substrate, spinneable magnetic assemblies and processes for producing optical effect layers (OEL). In particular, the present invention relates to spinneable magnetic assemblies and processes for producing OELs as anti-counterfeit means on security documents or security articles or for decorative purposes.

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tint base comprising titanium dioxide, a vehicle, and conventional additives, which tint base is capable of displaying a preselected colour upon the addition of a colorant, wherein at least 4% by weight of the titanium dioxide is present in the form of opaque aggregates of titanium dioxide and precipitated calcium carbonate particles wherein the titanium dioxide particles are at least partially encased by the particles of precipitated calcium carbonate.

A composite film may include a first transparent substrate and a first anti-reflective coating overlying a first surface of the first transparent substrate. The first anti-reflective coating may include a first UV curable acrylate binder, a photo initiator component, and silica nanoparticles dispersed within the first anti-reflective coating. The first anti-reflective coating may further include a ratio AC1.sub.SiO2/AC1.sub.B of at least about 0.01 and not greater than about 1.3. The composite film may further have a VLT of at least about 93.0% and a haze value of not greater than about 3%.

A decorative sheet and a decorative member having both excellent antiviral properties and high processability. The decorative sheet is provided with a colored layer, a pattern layer, and a surface protective layer, wherein: the surface protective layer is provided with a first surface protective layer containing an antiviral agent and at least one of a heat-curable resin, an ultraviolet-curable resin, and an electron beam-curable resin; the addition amount of the antiviral agent is 0.2% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less with respect to the surface protective layer; and the average particle size of the antiviral agent is 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less.

When silicone is used to fill joints in surfaces on which vehicles drive, it is advantageous if the silicone contains zinc oxide in the form of tetrapod-shaped crystals.

A process for obtaining water-based paints using expanded polystyrene (EPS) and/or extruded polystyrene (XPS) waste as raw material by a) cleaning the EPS and/or XPS waste with a surfactant to remove organic matter; b) rinse and remove all surfactants and solvents; c) treating the EPS and/or XPS waste with an organic solvent until obtaining a mixture with a concentration of EPS and/or XPS of 20 and 80% w/w; d) decanting the impurities from the mixture obtained in step (c) for 24 hours to 120 hours; e) collecting the supernatant obtained from step (d); f) make a mixture of the supernatant obtained in step (e) with emulsifier and then water; g) pigment dispersion in the mixture obtained in (f), for 5 to 50 minutes at a 500 and 3.000 rpm and 20 and 90° C.; h) mix the product of step (g) with water until the desired concentration is achieved.

A process for obtaining water-based paints using expanded polystyrene (EPS) and/or extruded polystyrene (XPS) waste as raw material by a) cleaning the EPS and/or XPS waste with a surfactant to remove organic matter; b) rinse and remove all surfactants and solvents; c) treating the EPS and/or XPS waste with an organic solvent until obtaining a mixture with a concentration of EPS and/or XPS of 20 and 80% w/w; d) decanting the impurities from the mixture obtained in step (c) for 24 hours to 120 hours; e) collecting the supernatant obtained from step (d); f) make a mixture of the supernatant obtained in step (e) with emulsifier and then water; g) pigment dispersion in the mixture obtained in (f), for 5 to 50 minutes at a 500 and 3.000 rpm and 20 and 90° C.; h) mix the product of step (g) with water until the desired concentration is achieved.

The present invention relates to an antiviral material including a Cu-M-O compound, in which the Cu at least includes a monovalent-state Cu and the M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, Al, Sc, Ti, Co, Cr, Ni, Ga, Y, Zr, In, Rh, and a lanthanoid.

The present invention relates to an antiviral material including a Cu-M-O compound, in which the Cu at least includes a monovalent-state Cu and the M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, Al, Sc, Ti, Co, Cr, Ni, Ga, Y, Zr, In, Rh, and a lanthanoid.

A method for coating a substrate includes the steps of: forming a conductive coating layer on a surface of a substrate so as to form a semi-product; submerging a conductive sheet and the semi-product into an electrophoresis medium that includes charged colloid particles; and applying a voltage on the conductive sheet or the semi-product to form an electric field among the conductive sheet, the semi-product, and the electrophoresis medium, so that the colloid particles move along the electric field toward the semi-product and an electrophoretic covering layer formed by the charged colloid particles is thus deposited on the electrophoretic covering layer.