Method of producing a high strength (with improved tensile strength and elongation at break properties), high quality, cost effective, nanoparticle enhanced polyurea, polyurethane, and epoxy composites with chemical bonding into polymer backbone. The mechanical properties of tensile strength and elongation at break improves concurrently and significantly with tensile strength increasing well over 300%. The polymer/nanoparticle composite can be produced cost effectively as a high quality coating system or in nanoparticle concentrate forms.

Flame retardant compositions, blends and articles include phosphonate polymers, nanoparticles and optionally dispersing agents. A method for preparing such retardant composition, blends, and articles is also presented herein.

Disclosed are: a charge transporting varnish containing an oligoaniline compound, a specific sulfonic acid ester compound, metal oxide nanoparticles, and an organic solvent; a charge transporting thin film produced from the charge transporting varnish; an electronic device and an organic electroluminescent device having the charge transporting thin film; a method for producing the charge transporting thin film using the charge transporting varnish; a method for producing the charge transporting varnish; and a method for improving the storage stability of the charge transporting varnish.

Embodiments provide a hard coat layered film having a first hard coat, a second hard coat, and a transparent resin film layer in order from an outer layer side, the first hard coat including (A) 100 parts by mass of a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate including 20% by mass or more of a tripentaerythritol acrylate, (B) 0.01-7 parts by mass of a water repellent, and (C) 0.01-10 parts by mass of a silane coupling agent, the first hard coat being formed from a coating material not including inorganic particles, and the second hard coat including (A) 100 parts by mass of a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate and (D) 50-300 parts by mass of inorganic fine particles having an average particle diameter of 1-300 nm. According to at least one embodiment, component (A) may be a mixture of tripentaerythritol acrylate and one or more species selected from the group consisting of dipentaerythritol acrylate, monopentaerythritol acrylate, and polypentaerythritol acrylate.

In a first aspect of a present inventive subject matter, a solvent contains a nonpolar solvent containing an aromatic compound and a polar solvent that is an aprotic polar solvent. The ratio of the nonpolar solvent to the polar solvent by volume ratio is 5:1 to 1:1.

Coating compositions are disclosed that include corrosion resisting particles such that the coating composition can exhibit corrosion resistance properties. Also disclosed are substrates at least partially coated with a coating deposited from such a composition and multi-component composite coatings, wherein at least one coating later is deposited from such a coating composition. Methods and apparatus for making ultrafine solid particles are also disclosed.

A colored paint that imparts a superhydrophobic surface on an object is a suspension of hydrophobic particles in a polymeric binder and a plasticizer in a solvent or mixed solvent, wherein at least a portion of the hydrophobic particles are colored particles. Colored particles can be ultramarine, iron oxide, chromium oxide, or any other colored metal oxide. The hydrophobic particles can be metal oxide particles that are surface functionalized with a fluorinated alkyl silane or an alkyl silane. The binder is a mixture of PDVF and PMMA in a ratio of 3:1 to 10:1. The plasticizer is a mixture of triethyl phosphate and perfluoro(butyltetrahydrofuran) or other perfluorinated hydrocarbon. Surfaces coated using this paint display contact angles in excess of 150 and resist abrasion.

A relevant technological challenge is the low cost and abundant materials development for silicon surface passivation for applications in optoelectronic devices, in particular in solar cells by scalable industrial methods. In the present invention, a new hybrid material comprising PEDOT:PSS and transparent conducting oxide nanostructures is developed and a method is proposed to fabricate the composite material that passivates well the silicon surface to be used by means of a thin composite film of thickness below 200 nm.

The present invention relates to an antireflection film including: a hard coating layer in which center line average roughness (Ra) of the surface is 1.2 nm or less and surface energy is 34 mN/m or less; and a low refractive index layer which is formed on the hard coating layer.

A composition is provided, including water, a base, and surface-modified inorganic oxide nanoparticles dispersed in the water. The nanoparticles are functionalized with an alpha-hydroxy acid or its salt. An article is also provided, including a substrate in and layers containing bi-layers. A portion of the layers include surface-modified inorganic oxide nanoparticles functionalized with an alpha-hydroxy acid or its salt. A dielectric mirror is also provided, including a substrate, a first stack of bi-layers disposed on the substrate, and a second stack of bi-layers positioned in planar contact with the first stack. The second stack of bi-layers exhibits a refractive index of less than 1.50. Further, an exposed lens retroreflective article is provided including a binder layer, a layer of transparent microspheres partially embedded in the binder layer, and a reflective layer between the binder layer and the microspheres including a dielectric mirror. Additionally, methods of making compositions and articles are provided.