This coating solution for a gas barrier contains an ammonium salt (A) of a polymer having a carboxyl group, a particulate multivalent metallic compound (B), and water, the content of the multivalent metallic compound (B) being about 0.5-2.0 times the chemical equivalent of the ammonium salt (A), and the mean particle diameter of the multivalent metallic compound (B) being about 4 m or less.

A thin-film coating applicator assembly is disclosed for coating substrates in outdoor applications. The innovative thin-film coating applicator assembly is adapted to apply performance enhancement coatings on installed photovoltaic panels and glass windows in outdoor environments. The coating applicator is adapted to move along a solar panel or glass pane while applicator mechanisms deposit a uniform layer of liquid coating solution to the substrate's surface. The applicator assembly comprises a conveyance means disposed on a frame. Further disclosed are innovative applicator heads that comprise a deformable sponge-like core surrounded by a microporous layer. The structure, when in contact with a substrate surface, deposits a uniform layer of coating solution over a large surface.

A method of forming a thin film coating on sloped outdoor panel surfaces is disclosed. The method uses a thin-film coating applicator assembly for coating substrates in outdoor applications. The innovative method of forming a thin-film coating may be adapted to apply performance enhancement coatings on installed photovoltaic panels and glass windows in outdoor environments. The coating applicator is adapted to move along a solar panel or glass pane while applicator mechanisms deposit a uniform layer of liquid coating solution to the substrate's surface. The applicator assembly comprises a conveyance means disposed on a frame. Further disclosed are innovative applicator heads that comprise a deformable sponge-like core surrounded by a microporous layer. The structure, when in contact with a substrate surface, deposits a uniform layer of coating solution over a large surface.

This eyeglass lens is outstanding in anti-crazing properties, impact resistance properties, and adhesion. The present invention comprises: a lens substrate; a primer layer disposed on the lens substrate; and at least one layer that is disposed on the primer layer and that is selected from the group consisting of a hard-coat layer and a reflection-preventing layer. The primer layer contains a polycarbonate-based polyurethane resin and inorganic oxide particles. The tensile strength of the polycarbonate-based polyurethane resin is over 40 N/mm.sup.2. The expansion rate of the polycarbonate-based polyurethane resin is at least 300%, and the inorganic oxide particle content is 10-40% by volume with respect to the total volume of the primer layer.

Liquid composition, such as an ink composition, liquid at room temperature, the liquid composition being a liquid composition specifically for printing with a binary deflected continuous jet printing technique wherein the liquid composition forms upon printing drops which are not charged by an electric field, which each have a zero electric charge, which each form a dipole under the effect of an electric field, and then are then deflected by the electric field, characterised in that the liquid composition comprises a solvent comprising one or more organic solvent compound(s) and optionally water, the solvent having globally a dielectric constant less than 15; a binder; one or more dyes and/or pigments; and in that the liquid composition has an electrical conductivity at 20 C. less than or equal to 200 S/cm, preferably less than or equal to 150 S/cm, still preferably less than or equal to 100 S/cm.

The present invention relates a coating composition comprising a solvent, metal oxide nanoparticles dispersed in this solvent, a high carbon polymer dissolved in this solvent, where the high carbon polymer comprises a repeat unit of structure (1), a hydroxybiphenyl repeat unit of structure (2) and an moiety containing a fused aromatic containing moiety of structure (3) wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl and a substituted alkyl, Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted fused aromatic ring and X.sub.1 is an alkylene spacer, or a direct valence bound. The invention also relates to a processes where this composition is used in lithographic applications as a patterned hard mask either through and inverse tone hard mask pattern transfer process or a conventional mask pattern process using a photoresist, to pattern the hard mask and a hard mask to pattern a semiconductor substrate with a plasma. The invention, also further comprises a process in which a composition comprised of a metal oxide and metal oxide nanoparticle dispersed in a solvent is used to coat a metal hard mask to which is used in a standard hard mask pattern transfer process to pattern a semiconductor substrate.

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The present invention relates to a radiation curable composition. In particular, the present invention relates to a radiation curable composition with hydrophilic nanoparticles for use in barrier stacks for protection of sensitive devices against moisture.

The present invention provides an antifouling coating formed from a water-based coating composition comprising 0.1% by mass to 10% by mass of ultrafine silica particles having an average particle size equal to or less than 25 nm, 5% by mass to 50% by mass, relative to the ultrafine silica particles, of a zirconium compound which is at least one selected from zirconium chloride and zirconyl chloride, and 30% by mass to 99.5% by mass of water. In accordance with the present invention, it is possible to provide an antifouling coating that can maintain the antifouling performance and hydrophilicity and prevent corrosion of fins even under an environment with a large amount of contaminating substances, such as metal particles, in the air.

The invention is directed to a method of providing a protective coating composition that protects a refractory wall or lining from chemical attack by molten aluminum and molten alkali metals. The method includes the steps of coating a refractory wall or liner with an aqueous protective composition that includes, by weight of the solids, about 20-90% Al.sub.2O.sub.3 (excluding calcined alumina), about 15-55% SiO.sub.2 and about 1-15% of a metallic non-wetting agent; and evaporating the water before contacting the protective coating with the reactive molten metal.

A metal oxide film-forming composition that yields a metal oxide film that exhibits a suppression of volume shrinkage in heating up to 400 C.; a method for producing metal oxide films that uses the metal oxide film-forming composition; and a method for reducing the volume shrinkage ratio of metal oxide films. The metal oxide film-forming composition includes metal oxide nanoclusters, a capping agent, a base material, and solvent. The size of the metal oxide nanoclusters is not more than 5 nm, and the capping agent includes at least one of alkoxysilanes, phenols, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and carboxylic acid halides. In the solid fraction of the metal oxide film-forming composition, the proportion of the mass of the inorganic fraction, with reference to the sum of the mass of the inorganic fraction and the mass of the organic fraction, is at least 25 mass %.