This disclosure relates to a nanoporous composition including a number of clusters of nanoparticles dispersed in a liquid, a nanoporous layer formed of the nanoporous composition, a glucose-oxidation electrode including the nanoporous layer, and a glucose-sensing device and system including the glucose-oxidation electrode. This disclosure also relates to a method of making the nanoporous composition, the nanoporous layer, the glucose-oxidation electrode and the glucose-sensing device and system. Further, this disclosure also relates to devices, systems and methods for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and blood glucose monitoring (BGM).

This disclosure relates to a glucose-sensing electrode including a nanoporous metal layer and a maltose-blocking layer formed over the nanoporous metal layer. The nanoporous metal layer is capable of oxidizing both glucose and maltose without an enzyme specific to glucose or maltose in the glucose-sensing electrode. The maltose-blocking layer has porosity that permits glucose to pass therethrough and inhibits maltose from passing therethrough toward the nanoporous metal layer.

This disclosure relates to a glucose-sensing electrode including a nanoporous metal layer and an electrolyte ion-blocking layer formed over the nanoporous metal layer. The nanoporous metal layer is capable of oxidizing both glucose and maltose without an enzyme specific to glucose in the glucose-sensing electrode. The electrolyte ion-blocking layer is configured to inhibit Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Ca.sup.2+, Cl.sup., PO.sub.4.sup.3 and CO.sub.3.sup.2 from diffusing toward the nanoporous metal layer such that there is a substantial discontinuity of a combined concentration of Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Ca.sup.2+, Cl.sup., PO.sub.4.sup.3 and CO.sub.3.sup.2 between over and below the electrolyte ion-blocking layer.

This application features a method of forming a nanoporous layer. The method includes steps of reducing metal ions in a reverse micelle phase composition to form nanoparticles, removing surfactant from the composition to form clusters of the nanoparticles, dispensing the composition including the nanoparticle clusters dispersed in a liquid on a substrate, and drying to form the nanoporous layer. The nanoporous layer includes nanoparticles deposited to form a three dimensional network of irregularly shaped bodies. The nanoporous layer also includes a three dimensional network of intercluster spaces that are not occoupied by the three dimensional network of irregularly shaped bodies.

This disclosure relates to a nanoporous composition including a number of clusters of nanoparticles dispersed in a liquid, a nanoporous layer formed of the nanoporous composition, a glucose-oxidation electrode including the nanoporous layer, and a glucose-sensing device and system including the glucose-oxidation electrode. This disclosure also relates to a method of making the nanoporous composition, the nanoporous layer, the glucose-oxidation electrode and the glucose-sensing device and system. Further, this disclosure also relates to devices, systems and methods for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and blood glucose monitoring (BGM).

Coating compositions are disclosed that include corrosion resisting particles such that the coating composition can exhibit corrosion resistance properties. Also disclosed are substrates at least partially coated with a coating deposited from such a composition and multi-component composite coatings, wherein at least one coating later is deposited from such a coating composition. Methods and apparatus for making ultrafine solid particles are also disclosed.

There is provided a coating composition comprising nonspherical nanoparticles; spherical nanoparticles; optionally hydrophilic groups and optional an surfactant; and a liquid medium comprising water and no greater than 30 wt % organic solvent, if present, based on the total weight of liquid medium, where at least a portion of the nonspherical nanoparticles or at least a portion of the spherical nanoparticles comprises functional groups attached to their surface through chemical bonds, wherein the functional groups comprise at least one group selected from the group consisting of epoxy group, amine group, hydroxyl, olefin, alkyne, (meth) acrylato, mercapto group, or combinations thereof. There is also provided a method for modifying a substrate surface using the coating composition and articles made therefrom.

The invention provides articles and methods for making such articles including a substrate coated on at least one region thereof with a layer of nanocomposites nano-cellulose materials and nanoparticles.

A method of providing an easy-clean, water-sheeting coating on a substrate includes: abrading a surface of a substrate using an abrasive article to provide an abraded surface having a surface roughness R?a#191 in a range of from 100 nm to 3500 nm, contacting a coatable composition with the abraded surface, and removing water from the coatable composition. The coatable composition comprises silica nanoparticles and has a pH of 7.5 or less. A kit including the abrasive article and the coatable composition is also disclosed.

A coating film-forming composition includes a hydrolysis-condensation product of a hydrolyzable silane and fine inorganic particles subjected to a special dispersion treatment, that can be formed into a highly heat-resistant, highly transparent coating film capable of exhibiting a high refractive index and having a large thickness and excellent storage stability as a coating composition; and a process for producing the coating film-forming composition.