An object of the invention is to provide an antibacterial liquid with excellent temporal stability in which caking due to sedimentation of solid components does not occur and with which a film capable of stably maintaining antibacterial properties can be formed, in a case of being formed into a film. Another object is to provide an antibacterial film formed using the antibacterial liquid. Still another object is to provide a spray and a cloth including the antibacterial liquid.

The antibacterial liquid of the invention includes an antibacterial microparticle, a binder, and a solvent, in which the antibacterial microparticle contains a silver-supporting inorganic oxide, the binder includes at least one compound having a siloxane bond, the solvent includes an alcohol and water, the concentration of solid contents is less than 5% by mass with respect to the total mass of the antibacterial liquid, and the content of the compound having a siloxane bond is 60% by mass or more with respect to the total solid content of the antibacterial liquid.

The present invention relates to an antireflection film which includes a hard coating layer and a low refractive index layer formed on the hard coating layer, wherein the sum of the volume of the convex portion of the peak equal to or higher than the average line is less than 0.03 mm.sup.3 in the surface area of 1.47 mm.sup.2, and the sum of the volume of the concave portion of the valley equal to or lower than the average line is less than 0.03 mm.sup.3 in the surface area of 1.47 mm.sup.2, and a display device comprising the antireflection film.

The present invention relates to compositions with self-cleaning properties. More particularly, the invention concerns coatings or paints comprising particles coated with a catalytically active composition. In particular, a self-cleaning coating composition (paint) is provided, comprising micro-sized particles coated with a functional layer, wherein the micro-sized particles are hollow or solid beads, or any combination/ratio of hollow and solid beads, wherein the beads comprise one or more material(s) selected from ceramic material(s); polymeric material(s); cermet material(s); metallic material(s); pigmented material(s); light-absorbing and/or light reflecting material(s); including any combination thereof, wherein said layer is covalently bound to said particles, wherein the photocatalytic layer comprises TiO.sub.2 in the crystal form of anatase; and wherein the coating composition (paint) comprises less than 0.1 anatase particles derived/released from the micro-sized beads, determined as weight/weight of released anatase/total amount of anatase. The invention provides paint essentially without presence of unbound anatase crystals which is highly undesired, as it is believed that their presence has a negative influence on essential components of the paint, such as binder, pigment and/or additives and furthermore, anatase may cause eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritation.

A dispersion which contains a dispersant and particles selected from among metal particles and metal oxide particles, and which is characterized in that: the dispersant has a chemical structure that is able to be bonded or adsorbed to the particles; and the dispersant contains a low-molecular-weight dispersant that has at least one peak within a molecular weight region of 31 or more but less than 1,000 in the molecular weight distribution curve in terms of polyethylene glycol as determined by gel permeation chromatography and a high-molecular-weight dispersant that has at least one peak within a molecular weight region of 1,000 or more but 40,000 or less in the above-described molecular weight distribution curve.

A surface treatment solution excellent in stability during storage forming a coating for treatment excellent in waterproofness, solvent resistance, and adhesion with a plated steel sheet and able to provide a surface treated steel sheet with hot-pressing lubricity, chemical convertability after hot-pressing, corrosion resistance after coating, and spot weldability, that is, a surface treatment solution for a plated steel sheet to be hot-pressed comprising a ZnO aqueous dispersion (A) and a water dispersible organic resin (B), wherein the ZnO aqueous dispersion (A) comprises water and ZnO particle size having 50 to 300 nm particles, the water dispersible organic resin (B) has a 5 to 45 mgKOH/g acid value and 5 to 300 nm emulsion particle size, and a mass ratio (W.sub.A/W.sub.B) of a mass of ZnO particles in the ZnO aqueous dispersion (W.sub.A) to a mass of solid content of the water dispersible organic resin (W.sub.B) is 30/70 to 95/5.

Provided herein are highly conductive compositions (having a volume resistivity no greater than 110.sup.3 Ohms.Math.cm) using silver flake, powder or suspension in solvent for electromagnetic interference (EMI) applications. This high conductivity will allow the use of very thin films for EMI shielding protection, which in turn will be helpful to reduce package sizes. In some embodiments, the coating composition is applied on the device surface by suitable means, e.g., by an electrostatic spray process, air spray process, ultrasonic spray process, spin coating process, or the like.

A nanowire heating and insulating element that includes a first layer having overlapping nanowires dispersed therein and a second layer that is two conductive portions spaced apart on either side of the first layer. Electrical potential is applied to the two conductive portions such that electricity flows through the nanowires of the first layer to heat the heating element. In addition, the heating element may be applied to existing surfaces of a room having a multiple sensor pack therein which is in wireless communication with multiple devices, or Adaptors. One or more of the adaptors supply electrical potential for the heating element and is in wireless communication with a controller which is configured to monitor usage of the Adaptors and control the Adaptors as needed to respond to usage events or environmental conditions based at least in part on readings from the sensor pack.

The present invention relates to opaque polymers functionalized with phosphorus acid groups, composites of TiO.sub.2 particles and the opaque polymers, and methods for their preparation. The composites are useful in coatings formulations and have been shown to exhibit improved hiding benefits in coated substrates over compositions containing non-functionalized opaque polymer and TiO.sub.2.

This invention provides resin formulations which may be used for 3D printing and pyrolyzing to produce a ceramic matrix composite. The resin formulations contain a solid-phase filler, to provide high thermal stability and mechanical strength (e.g., fracture toughness) in the final ceramic material. The invention provides direct, free-form 3D printing of a preceramic polymer loaded with a solid-phase filler, followed by converting the preceramic polymer to a 3D-printed ceramic matrix composite with potentially complex 3D shapes or in the form of large parts. Other variations provide active solid-phase functional additives as solid-phase fillers, to perform or enhance at least one chemical, physical, mechanical, or electrical function within the ceramic structure as it is being formed as well as in the final structure. Solid-phase functional additives actively improve the final ceramic structure through one or more changes actively induced by the additives during pyrolysis or other thermal treatment.

This invention provides resin formulations which may be used for 3D printing and pyrolyzing to produce a ceramic matrix composite. The resin formulations contain a solid-phase filler, to provide high thermal stability and mechanical strength (e.g., fracture toughness) in the final ceramic material. The invention provides direct, free-form 3D printing of a preceramic polymer loaded with a solid-phase filler, followed by converting the preceramic polymer to a 3D-printed ceramic matrix composite with potentially complex 3D shapes or in the form of large parts. Other variations provide active solid-phase functional additives as solid-phase fillers, to perform or enhance at least one chemical, physical, mechanical, or electrical function within the ceramic structure as it is being formed as well as in the final structure. Solid-phase functional additives actively improve the final ceramic structure through one or more changes actively induced by the additives during pyrolysis or other thermal treatment.