The present disclosure is drawn to fluid sets, material sets, and 3-dimensional printing systems. A fluid set can include a pretreat composition that includes a salt of an alkali metal with bromide or iodide. The fluid set can also include a conductive fusing agent composition including a transition metal for fusing thermoplastic powder when exposed to electromagnetic radiation.

The present disclosure is drawn to fluid sets, material sets, and 3-dimensional printing systems. A fluid set can include a pretreat composition that includes a salt of an alkali metal with bromide or iodide. The fluid set can also include a conductive fusing agent composition including a transition metal for fusing thermoplastic powder when exposed to electromagnetic radiation.

Methods for making a plurality of microparticles from a reaction solution that includes an organic acid in a solvent are provided. The method may include adding a chromium salt and a palladium salt to the reaction solution; bringing the reaction solution to a reaction temperature of 0° C. to 150° C. to form palladium cations and chromium cations within the reaction solution such that the palladium cations and chromium cations combine to form the plurality of microparticles that precipitate from the reaction solution; and collecting the microparticles from the reaction mixture. The plurality of microparticles comprises a palladium-chromium alloy. The palladium-chromium alloy may comprise chromium in a weight percentage of 1% to 20% of the total weight of the palladium-chromium alloy.

Disclosed herein are ink compositions for making a conductive copper structure. The ink composition comprise a copper metal precursor compound, a chelating agent, and a reducing agent. In some embodiments, the redox potential of the reducing agent is adjusted for controlled reduction of copper ion in the copper metal precursor to metal copper metal. Also disclosed herein are methods for making the ink compositions and methods for using the same.

Disclosed herein are ink compositions for making a conductive copper structure. The ink composition comprise a copper metal precursor compound, a chelating agent, and a reducing agent. In some embodiments, the redox potential of the reducing agent is adjusted for controlled reduction of copper ion in the copper metal precursor to metal copper metal. Also disclosed herein are methods for making the ink compositions and methods for using the same.

An ink composition is provided. The composition includes a binder material and at least one narrow band emission phosphor being uniformly dispersed throughout the composition, wherein the narrow band emission phosphor has a D50 particle size from about 0.1 μm to about 15 μm and is selected from the group consisting of a green-emitting U.sup.6+-containing phosphor, a green-emitting Mn.sup.2+-containing phosphor, a red-emitting phosphor based on complex fluoride materials activated by Mn.sup.4+, and a mixture thereof. A device is also provided.

According to embodiments of the present invention, an ink composition is provided. The ink composition includes a plurality of nanostructures distributed in at least two cross-sectional dimension ranges, wherein each nanostructure of the plurality of nanostructures is free of a cross-sectional dimension of more than 200 nm. According to further embodiments of the present invention, a method for forming a conductive member and a conductive device are also provided.

According to embodiments of the present invention, an ink composition is provided. The ink composition includes a plurality of nanostructures distributed in at least two cross-sectional dimension ranges, wherein each nanostructure of the plurality of nanostructures is free of a cross-sectional dimension of more than 200 nm. According to further embodiments of the present invention, a method for forming a conductive member and a conductive device are also provided.

The present invention relates to compositions, comprising platelet-shaped transition metal particles, wherein the number mean diameter of the platelet-shaped transition metal particles, present in the composition, is in the range of 15 nm to 1000 nm and the number mean thickness of the platelet-shaped transition metal particles, present in the composition, is in the range of 2 to 40 nm, the transition metal is selected from silver, copper, gold and palladium and the platelet-shaped transition metal particles bear a surface modifying agent of formula A-(CHR.sup.9).sub.r—R.sup.10 (V), wherein if r is 1, A is a C.sub.1-C.sub.25alkyl group substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms; a C.sub.2-C.sub.25alkenyl substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms; a C.sub.2-C.sub.25alkynyl group substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms; a C.sub.3-C.sub.20cycloalkyl group substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms; or a C.sub.6-C.sub.24aryl group substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms, CF.sub.3 or —O—CF.sub.3 groups; if r is 0, A is a C.sub.6-C.sub.24aryl group substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms, CF.sub.3 or —O—CF.sub.3 groups; or a C.sub.7-C.sub.24aralkyl group substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms, CF.sub.3 or —O—CF.sub.3 groups;

R.sup.9 is H, or a C.sub.1-C.sub.4alkyl group; and R.sup.10 is a thiol group, or an amino group.

Surface modification with fluorinated thiols/amines allows to tune the surface properties of silver nanoplatelets in such a way, as to, on the one hand, make them dispersible and colloidally stable in the finished printing ink system, and on the other hand, allow them to migrate to the substrate and print surfaces upon drying of the solvent in the printed layer.

The present invention relates to compositions, comprising platelet-shaped transition metal particles, wherein the number mean diameter of the platelet-shaped transition metal particles, present in the composition, is in the range of 15 nm to 1000 nm and the number mean thickness of the platelet-shaped transition metal particles, present in the composition, is in the range of 2 to 40 nm, the transition metal is selected from silver, copper, gold and palladium and the platelet-shaped transition metal particles bear a surface modifying agent of formula A-(CHR.sup.9).sub.r—R.sup.10 (V), wherein if r is 1, A is a C.sub.1-C.sub.25alkyl group substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms; a C.sub.2-C.sub.25alkenyl substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms; a C.sub.2-C.sub.25alkynyl group substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms; a C.sub.3-C.sub.20cycloalkyl group substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms; or a C.sub.6-C.sub.24aryl group substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms, CF.sub.3 or —O—CF.sub.3 groups; if r is 0, A is a C.sub.6-C.sub.24aryl group substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms, CF.sub.3 or —O—CF.sub.3 groups; or a C.sub.7-C.sub.24aralkyl group substituted with one, or more fluorine atoms, CF.sub.3 or —O—CF.sub.3 groups;

R.sup.9 is H, or a C.sub.1-C.sub.4alkyl group; and R.sup.10 is a thiol group, or an amino group.

Surface modification with fluorinated thiols/amines allows to tune the surface properties of silver nanoplatelets in such a way, as to, on the one hand, make them dispersible and colloidally stable in the finished printing ink system, and on the other hand, allow them to migrate to the substrate and print surfaces upon drying of the solvent in the printed layer.