An azo compound excellent in solubility in solvent and having a high absorbance coefficient is disclosed, as well as an ink containing the azo compound. Such an ink contains a solvent having a relative permittivity at 22° C. and at a measurement frequency of 1 kHz of 3 or less and having a solubility in water at 25° C. of 20 mg/L or less, and an azo compound.

Described herein are molecular inks, methods for printing the molecular inks on flexible substrates, and methods for forming printed electronic elements, such as resistive heaters, force sensors, motion sensors, and devices that include these elements, such as force responsive conductive heaters. The methods include printing a molecular ink on a flexible substrate that is heated to 30° C. to 90° C. before and/or during the printing process and curing the substrate to produce a conductive pattern thereon. The molecular inks generally include a particle-fee metal-complex composition formulated from at least one metal complex and a solvent, and optionally, a conductive filler material, and/or surfactant.

Described herein are molecular inks, methods for printing the molecular inks on flexible substrates, and methods for forming printed electronic elements, such as resistive heaters, force sensors, motion sensors, and devices that include these elements, such as force responsive conductive heaters. The methods include printing a molecular ink on a flexible substrate that is heated to 30° C. to 90° C. before and/or during the printing process and curing the substrate to produce a conductive pattern thereon. The molecular inks generally include a particle-fee metal-complex composition formulated from at least one metal complex and a solvent, and optionally, a conductive filler material, and/or surfactant.

A method for coating pigment particles is provided, the method comprising heating a polymer resin in a carrier fluid to dissolve the polymer resin, suspending in the carrier fluid the pigment particles to be coated; and effecting precipitation of the polymer resin from the carrier fluid, such that a coating of the resin is formed on the pigment particles.

A method for coating pigment particles is provided, the method comprising heating a polymer resin in a carrier fluid to dissolve the polymer resin; suspending in the carrier fluid white pigment particles to be coated; and cooling the carrier fluid at a rate of 2° C./hr or less to effect precipitation of the polymer resin from the carrier fluid such that a coating of the resin is formed on the pigment particles, thereby producing the white liquid electrophotographic ink composition.

A method for coating pigment particles is provided, the method comprising heating a polymer resin in a carrier fluid to dissolve the polymer resin; suspending in the carrier fluid white pigment particles to be coated; and cooling the carrier fluid at a rate of 2° C./hr or less to effect precipitation of the polymer resin from the carrier fluid such that a coating of the resin is formed on the pigment particles, thereby producing the white liquid electrophotographic ink composition.

An oil-based inkjet ink is disclosed, that contains a pigment, a fatty acid ester-based solvent (A) having a viscosity of 5.0 mPa.Math.s or lower and a boiling point of 300° C. or higher but lower than 400° C., and a fatty acid ester-based solvent (B) having a viscosity of 10.0 mPa.Math.s or higher and a boiling point of 400° C. or higher.

An oil-based inkjet ink is disclosed, that contains a pigment, a fatty acid ester-based solvent (A) having a viscosity of 5.0 mPa.Math.s or lower and a boiling point of 300° C. or higher but lower than 400° C., and a fatty acid ester-based solvent (B) having a viscosity of 10.0 mPa.Math.s or higher and a boiling point of 400° C. or higher.

An ink jet ink composition includes a self-dispersible pigment; an alcohol having 4 carbon atoms or less; an asymmetric alkyl ether; and water, a content of the alcohol with respect to a total mass of the ink jet ink composition is 0.5 to 15 percent by mass, and a content of the water with respect to the total mass of the ink jet ink composition is 10 to 40 percent by mass.

Provided is a carbon nanotube (CNT) network which can improve an electrical joint so that a sufficient amount of current flows into a thin film and the amount of current is controlled. A network of CNT or a CNT hybrid material is constructed by distributing, as a node between CNT and CNT in a CNT thin film, a fine particle of an inorganic semiconductor and preferably fine particles of a metal halide, a metal oxide, or a metal sulfide.