An ink set includes an inkjet ink and a recording head filling liquid. The inkjet ink contains a pigment, a pigment covering resin, and water. The recording head filling liquid contains polyethylene glycol, a nonionic surfactant, and water. The recording head filling liquid has a viscosity of at least 3 mPa.Math.s and no greater than 10 mPa.Math.s. The polyethylene glycol has a mass average molecular weight of at least 170 and no greater than 300. A percentage content of the polyethylene glycol in the recording head filling liquid is at least 7.0% by mass and no greater than 55.0% by mass. The pigment covering resin includes a styrene-acrylic resin.

An ink set includes an inkjet ink and a recording head filling liquid. The inkjet ink contains a pigment, a pigment covering resin, and water. The recording head filling liquid contains polyethylene glycol, a nonionic surfactant, and water. The recording head filling liquid has a viscosity of at least 3 mPa.Math.s and no greater than 10 mPa.Math.s. The polyethylene glycol has a mass average molecular weight of at least 170 and no greater than 300. A percentage content of the polyethylene glycol in the recording head filling liquid is at least 7.0% by mass and no greater than 55.0% by mass. The pigment covering resin includes a styrene-acrylic resin.

Provided are a quantum dot including a core including crystals of a first semiconductor; a shell located on the core and including crystals of at least one second semiconductor; a first region located on the shell and including a first ligand; and an outerlayer located on the first region and an oligomer and/or polymer including a metal and a polar organic group, and an ink composition, an electronic device, and an optical member including the quantum dot.

Provided are a quantum dot including a core including crystals of a first semiconductor; a shell located on the core and including crystals of at least one second semiconductor; a first region located on the shell and including a first ligand; and an outerlayer located on the first region and an oligomer and/or polymer including a metal and a polar organic group, and an ink composition, an electronic device, and an optical member including the quantum dot.

Provided are an ink composition, comprising greater than 0.2% by weight a graphene quantum dot nanosurfactant, a printable material, and a solvent, wherein the printable material is dispersed in the solvent by the graphene quantum dot nanosurfactant, and a method of preparing an ink composition. Advantageously, the present ink composition may be printed onto 2D and 3D substrates to form printed films with improved mechanical stability and photoconductance.

Provided are an ink composition, comprising greater than 0.2% by weight a graphene quantum dot nanosurfactant, a printable material, and a solvent, wherein the printable material is dispersed in the solvent by the graphene quantum dot nanosurfactant, and a method of preparing an ink composition. Advantageously, the present ink composition may be printed onto 2D and 3D substrates to form printed films with improved mechanical stability and photoconductance.

An inkjet ink contains a pigment, a pigment dispersion resin, a water-soluble organic solvent, and a polymer nonionic surfactant. The pigment dispersion resin has an acid value of at least 55 mgKOH/g and no greater than 97 mgKOH/g. The polymer nonionic surfactant has a mass average molecular weight of at least 7,000 and no greater than 12,500. An inkjet recording apparatus includes a linehead and a conveyance section which conveys a recording medium. The linehead ejects the above inkjet ink onto the recording medium.

The present disclosure teaches an article of manufacture using an industrial (or commercial) manufacturing process. The article of manufacture comprises an infrared (IR) luminescent material that emits in the IR wavelength range (e.g., from approximately seven-hundred nanometers (˜700 nm) to approximately one millimeter (˜1 mm)) after being excited by incident wavelengths of between ˜100 nm and ˜750 nm (or visible light). In other words, once the material has been exposed to visible light, the material will continue to emit in the IR wavelength range for a period of time, even when the material is no longer exposed to the visible light.

The present disclosure teaches an article of manufacture using an industrial (or commercial) manufacturing process. The article of manufacture comprises an infrared (IR) luminescent material that emits in the IR wavelength range (e.g., from approximately seven-hundred nanometers (˜700 nm) to approximately one millimeter (˜1 mm)) after being excited by incident wavelengths of between ˜100 nm and ˜750 nm (or visible light). In other words, once the material has been exposed to visible light, the material will continue to emit in the IR wavelength range for a period of time, even when the material is no longer exposed to the visible light.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for a carbon nanofiber composite, which can obtain a carbon nanofiber composite with high productivity and high activity, and which does not require removal of fluidizing materials or dispersing materials. The present invention also provides a carbon nanofiber composite having improved dispersibility. The method for producing the carbon nanofiber composite includes bringing at least one catalyst and at least one particulate carbon material into contact with at least one gas containing at least one gaseous carbon-containing compound while mechanically stirring the catalyst and the particulate carbon material in a reactor. The carbon nanofiber composite includes carbon nanofibers and at least one particulate carbon material, wherein the particulate carbon material has 70% by volume or more of particles with a particle diameter of 1 μm or less, and/or a median diameter D50 by volume of 1 μm or less.