A production of polymer material realized at low energy and with rapid curing process for providing advantages mentioned in the specification. The polymer material is aimed to be used as a resin material for three-dimensional (3D) printers and as a filling substance to be added into another material for increasing hardness, as a nano/micro-particle production material, as an ink for printing, and as a press, mold and surface coating material.

An active-energy-ray-polymerizable initiator having a structure represented by the following general formula (1) is provided. ##STR00001##
In general formula (1), L.sub.1 represents —C(═O)—O— (binding to L.sub.2 side) or —O—, L.sub.2 represents —O(CH.sub.2).sub.p-(binding to L.sub.1 side), —(OC.sub.2H.sub.4).sub.n-(binding to L.sub.1 side), or —(OC.sub.3H.sub.6).sub.m-(binding to L.sub.1 side), where p represents an integer of 2 to 16, n represents an integer of 2 to 12, and m represents 2 or 3, L.sub.3 represents a direct binding or —NH—, L.sub.4 represents —OC.sub.2H.sub.4-(binding to L.sub.3 side) or —(OC.sub.2H.sub.4).sub.2-(binding to L.sub.3 side), and R represents —H or —CH.sub.3.

An active-energy-ray-polymerizable initiator having a structure represented by the following general formula (1) is provided. ##STR00001##
In general formula (1), L.sub.1 represents —C(═O)—O— (binding to L.sub.2 side) or —O—, L.sub.2 represents —O(CH.sub.2).sub.p-(binding to L.sub.1 side), —(OC.sub.2H.sub.4).sub.n-(binding to L.sub.1 side), or —(OC.sub.3H.sub.6).sub.m-(binding to L.sub.1 side), where p represents an integer of 2 to 16, n represents an integer of 2 to 12, and m represents 2 or 3, L.sub.3 represents a direct binding or —NH—, L.sub.4 represents —OC.sub.2H.sub.4-(binding to L.sub.3 side) or —(OC.sub.2H.sub.4).sub.2-(binding to L.sub.3 side), and R represents —H or —CH.sub.3.

A system and method for printing patterns on a substrate, including a substrate; a powder; a sealing coating; and a UV curable paint; wherein the powder, the sealing coating and the UV curable paint are deposited onto the substrate and heated and cured. The method is designed to make the substrate have a faux appearance with lower costs than manufacturing the real substrate it was meant to look like.

A system and method for printing patterns on a substrate, including a substrate; a powder; a sealing coating; and a UV curable paint; wherein the powder, the sealing coating and the UV curable paint are deposited onto the substrate and heated and cured. The method is designed to make the substrate have a faux appearance with lower costs than manufacturing the real substrate it was meant to look like.

A print material includes a vinylic molecule, a vinylic cross-linker molecule having a plurality of vinyl groups, a quantum dot, a light-scattering particle having a surface composition, and a dispersant having a chemical affinity matched to the surface composition. Methods of making and using such print materials are also described.

A curable composition contains a polymerizable compound and a polymerization initiator containing pheylbis(2,4,6-trimethyl benzoyl)phosphine oxide and diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide in a mass ratio of pheylbis(2,4,6-trimethyl benzoyl)phosphine oxide:diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide from 1:6 to 1:160, wherein supernatant obtained after the curable composition is centrifuged for 30 minutes at 70,000 rotation per minute has an absorbance of 0.02 or less at a wavelength of 700 nm.

Provided are a particle including a polymer P including a bond U that is at least one selected from the group consisting of a urethane bond and a urea bond, and a hydrophilic group, a polymerizable monomer, and a moiety A that is at least one selected from the group consisting of a polysiloxane bond and a fluorinated hydrocarbon group; an aqueous dispersion; an ink jet ink; a film-forming method; and an image-forming method.

Provided are a particle including a polymer P including a bond U that is at least one selected from the group consisting of a urethane bond and a urea bond, and a hydrophilic group, a polymerizable monomer, and a moiety A that is at least one selected from the group consisting of a polysiloxane bond and a fluorinated hydrocarbon group; an aqueous dispersion; an ink jet ink; a film-forming method; and an image-forming method.

A method is disclosed. The method may comprise applying a coating of electrically charged fluid print agent to a developer surface, the fluid print agent comprising particles of thermoplastic resin in a carrier fluid. The method may further comprise controlling migration of fluid print agent from the developer surface to form an image from fluid print agent on a first surface. The method may further comprise irradiating the print agent on the first surface with ultraviolet radiation to heat the print agent to a temperature of at least 70° C. to melt the thermoplastic resin. A print system and a heating unit are also disclosed.