A printing method for printing a printing medium whose printed side will be laminated after being printed. The printing method includes a non-white ink application step of applying an aqueous non-white ink composition containing a non-white coloring material onto the printing medium, a white ink application step of applying an aqueous white ink composition containing a white coloring material onto the non-white ink composition on the printing medium, and a clear ink application step of applying a clear ink composition containing a resin onto the white ink composition on the printing medium.

Disclosed herein is a polymeric film, the film comprising a polymeric matrix material, a plurality of perovskite nanocrystals and/or aggregates of perovskite nanocrystals dispersed throughout the polymeric matrix material. There is also disclosed a perovskite polymer resin composition, a perovskite-polymer resin composition, a perovskite ink and a method of forming a luminescent film using any one of the compositions or ink. Preferably, the perovskite material is a lead halide perovskite containing a cation selected from Cs, an alkylammonium ion, or a formamidinium ion. The polymeric matrix is preferably formed from monomers comprising a vinyl or an acrylate group.

Disclosed herein is a polymeric film, the film comprising a polymeric matrix material, a plurality of perovskite nanocrystals and/or aggregates of perovskite nanocrystals dispersed throughout the polymeric matrix material. There is also disclosed a perovskite polymer resin composition, a perovskite-polymer resin composition, a perovskite ink and a method of forming a luminescent film using any one of the compositions or ink. Preferably, the perovskite material is a lead halide perovskite containing a cation selected from Cs, an alkylammonium ion, or a formamidinium ion. The polymeric matrix is preferably formed from monomers comprising a vinyl or an acrylate group.

A test cell useful for determining the photosensitivity of a photopolymerizable material, includes a support plate having a top surface portion, a bottom surface portion, and an opening extending therebetween, a light-transmissive base member removably or permanently connected to said bottom surface portion to form with said opening a well, into which well photopolymerizable material can be deposited, and a sensor comprising a thermal sensor, strain sensor, or combination thereof operatively associated with said light-transmissive base member.

A test cell useful for determining the photosensitivity of a photopolymerizable material, includes a support plate having a top surface portion, a bottom surface portion, and an opening extending therebetween, a light-transmissive base member removably or permanently connected to said bottom surface portion to form with said opening a well, into which well photopolymerizable material can be deposited, and a sensor comprising a thermal sensor, strain sensor, or combination thereof operatively associated with said light-transmissive base member.

An object is to obtain a photocurable inkjet printing ink composition that demonstrates excellent preservation stability and discharge property, while also presenting curability under ultraviolet light from a light-emitting diode (LED) light source, as well as good adhesion, flexibility and tackiness. As a solution, a photocurable inkjet printing ink composition containing photopolymerizable compounds and photopolymerization initiator is provided, wherein the photocurable inkjet printing ink composition satisfies A to D: A. 2-(allyloxy methyl) methyl acrylate is contained by 5 to 40 percent by mass in all photopolymerizable compounds; B. multifunctional monomers and/or multifunctional oligomers of 0 C. or lower in glass transition temperature are contained by 5 to 20 percent by mass in all photopolymerizable compounds; C. amino group and/or amide group-containing monomers and/or oligomers are contained; and D. the ink composition has a viscosity of 30 mPa.Math.s or lower at 25 C.

An object is to obtain a photocurable inkjet printing ink composition that demonstrates excellent preservation stability and discharge property, while also presenting curability under ultraviolet light from a light-emitting diode (LED) light source, as well as good adhesion, flexibility and tackiness. As a solution, a photocurable inkjet printing ink composition containing photopolymerizable compounds and photopolymerization initiator is provided, wherein the photocurable inkjet printing ink composition satisfies A to D: A. 2-(allyloxy methyl) methyl acrylate is contained by 5 to 40 percent by mass in all photopolymerizable compounds; B. multifunctional monomers and/or multifunctional oligomers of 0 C. or lower in glass transition temperature are contained by 5 to 20 percent by mass in all photopolymerizable compounds; C. amino group and/or amide group-containing monomers and/or oligomers are contained; and D. the ink composition has a viscosity of 30 mPa.Math.s or lower at 25 C.

Disclosed is a printed object which, even if using a receptive layer that is difficult for a monomer in an active energy ray curable ink to penetrate, has excellent adhesion between the active energy ray curable ink and the receptive layer, and in which the amount of unreacted monomer dissipated from the printed object is low. This printed object includes an ink receptive layer laminated on a substrate surface and having an ink absorption rate of 100% or less, and an ink layer laminated on a surface of the ink receptive layer and made from an active energy ray curable ink which includes a polymerizable compound, wherein the glass transition temperature of the polymerizable compound is 45-25 C.

Disclosed is a printed object which, even if using a receptive layer that is difficult for a monomer in an active energy ray curable ink to penetrate, has excellent adhesion between the active energy ray curable ink and the receptive layer, and in which the amount of unreacted monomer dissipated from the printed object is low. This printed object includes an ink receptive layer laminated on a substrate surface and having an ink absorption rate of 100% or less, and an ink layer laminated on a surface of the ink receptive layer and made from an active energy ray curable ink which includes a polymerizable compound, wherein the glass transition temperature of the polymerizable compound is 45-25 C.

Provided herein are methods of obtaining good photocured-ink adhesion to low surface energy materials. The methods have greatly improved adhesion of photocured ink on low surface energy materials, including those that are subjected to high humidity or wet environments. The methods take into account the glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) of the materials and the onset for the glass transition temperature, including ink applied to an exposed surface of the material at an elevated temperature that is close to the T.sub.g of the material. The ink is allowed to sit briefly or soak, such as for more than 1 second, before the ink is cured. The ink may be photocured. Furthermore, the methods do not require solvents or surface treatment, including plasma or corona treatments, to obtain good ink adhesion.