Polymer resins for the vat photopolymerization of thermoplastics are provided, in particular for the vat photopolymerization of thermoplastics with exception thermal stability and mechanical properties. In some aspects, the polymer resins are prepared by ring opening of an aromatic dianhydride with an alcohol containing an acrylate or methacrylate to produce a photocrosslinkable diacid monomer; conversion of the photocrosslinkable diacid monomer to a photocrosslinkable diacyl chloride; and polymerization of the photocrosslinkable diacyl chloride with an aromatic diamine to produce a photocrosslinkable precursor polymer. Upon crosslinking and drying, a thermal imidization can yield aromatic polyimide polymers with high yield and with micron-scale structural resolution.

A method of layerwise fabrication of a three-dimensional object is disclosed. The method comprises, for each of at least a few of the layers: dispensing at least a first modeling formulation and a second modeling formulation to form a core region using both the first and the second modeling formulations, and at least one envelope region at least partially surrounding the core region using one of the first and the second modeling formulations but not the other one of the first and the second modeling formulations. The method can also comprise exposing the layer to curing energy. The first modeling formulation is characterized, when hardened, by heat deflection temperature (HDT) of at least 90° C., and the second modeling formulation is characterized, when hardened, by Izod impact resistance (IR) value of at least 45 J/m.

A method of layerwise fabrication of a three-dimensional object is disclosed. The method comprises, for each of at least a few of the layers: dispensing at least a first modeling formulation and a second modeling formulation to form a core region using both the first and the second modeling formulations, and at least one envelope region at least partially surrounding the core region using one of the first and the second modeling formulations but not the other one of the first and the second modeling formulations. The method can also comprise exposing the layer to curing energy. The first modeling formulation is characterized, when hardened, by heat deflection temperature (HDT) of at least 90° C., and the second modeling formulation is characterized, when hardened, by Izod impact resistance (IR) value of at least 45 J/m.

A platelet-shaped magnetic effect pigment for use in a printing ink, includes a layer construction with a magnetic layer and at least one optical functional layer. The magnetic layer is based on magnetic particles fixed within a solid matrix and having a largely uniform preferential magnetic direction deviating from the platelet plane.

The present invention relates to radiation curable compositions, comprising (A1) at least one water-soluble reactive diluent (A1); (A2) at least one water-soluble reactive oligomer (A2); (B) at least one reactive component selected from the group consisting of a water insoluble reactive diluent (B1a), a slightly water-soluble reactive diluent (B1b) and a water insoluble, or slightly water-soluble reactive oligomer (B2); and (C) optionally a photoinitiator (C), wherein the amount of component (A1) and (A2) is greater than 20% by weight, especially 30% by weight based on the amount of components (A1), (A2), (B1a), (B1b) and (B2) and the amount of components (B1a), (B1b) and (B2) is greater than 10% by weight, especially 20% by weight based on the amount of components (A1), (A2), (B1a), (B1b) and (B2); radiation curable composition, comprising (A1′) at least one slightly water-soluble reactive diluent (B1b); (A2) at least one water-soluble reactive oligomer (A2); (B) at least one reactive component selected from the group consisting of a water insoluble reactive diluent (B1a) and a water insoluble, or slightly water-soluble reactive oligomer (B2); and (C) optionally a photoinitiator (C), wherein the amount of component (B1b) and (A2) is greater than 40% by weight, especially 50% by weight based on the amount of components (A2), (B1a), (B1b) and (B2) and the amount of components (B1a), (B1b) and (B2) is greater than 10% by weight, especially 20% by weight based on the amount of components (A2), (B1a), (B1b) and (B2). The radiation curable compositions can be cleaned by pure water with no assistance of any solvent or detergent. The printed three-dimensional products have clean, smooth, tack-free surface after washing with water and sufficient post-curing. The fully cured three-dimensional products are high-temperature resistant and have excellent mechanical performance above glass transition temperature, e.g. 200° C.

The present invention relates to radiation curable compositions, comprising (A1) at least one water-soluble reactive diluent (A1); (A2) at least one water-soluble reactive oligomer (A2); (B) at least one reactive component selected from the group consisting of a water insoluble reactive diluent (B1a), a slightly water-soluble reactive diluent (B1b) and a water insoluble, or slightly water-soluble reactive oligomer (B2); and (C) optionally a photoinitiator (C), wherein the amount of component (A1) and (A2) is greater than 20% by weight, especially 30% by weight based on the amount of components (A1), (A2), (B1a), (B1b) and (B2) and the amount of components (B1a), (B1b) and (B2) is greater than 10% by weight, especially 20% by weight based on the amount of components (A1), (A2), (B1a), (B1b) and (B2); radiation curable composition, comprising (A1′) at least one slightly water-soluble reactive diluent (B1b); (A2) at least one water-soluble reactive oligomer (A2); (B) at least one reactive component selected from the group consisting of a water insoluble reactive diluent (B1a) and a water insoluble, or slightly water-soluble reactive oligomer (B2); and (C) optionally a photoinitiator (C), wherein the amount of component (B1b) and (A2) is greater than 40% by weight, especially 50% by weight based on the amount of components (A2), (B1a), (B1b) and (B2) and the amount of components (B1a), (B1b) and (B2) is greater than 10% by weight, especially 20% by weight based on the amount of components (A2), (B1a), (B1b) and (B2). The radiation curable compositions can be cleaned by pure water with no assistance of any solvent or detergent. The printed three-dimensional products have clean, smooth, tack-free surface after washing with water and sufficient post-curing. The fully cured three-dimensional products are high-temperature resistant and have excellent mechanical performance above glass transition temperature, e.g. 200° C.

By use of an ultraviolet curable inkjet ink comprising a colorant, a polymerizable monomer having a specific structure, ethoxyphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, and at least one type selected from the group consisting of an acylphosphine oxide photopolymerization initiator different than the ethoxyphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, a benzophenone photopolymerization initiator, and an indane photopolymerization initiator, wherein the ratio of the content of the polymerizable monomer having the specific structure and the content of the ethoxyphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide is 2:1 to 8.5:1 by mass ratio, the content of a monofunctional monomer in the ultraviolet curable inkjet ink is 25% by mass or less, a printed matter having curability and coating film flexibility can be obtained regardless of the amount applied to a recording medium, and the discharge stability is also excellent.

By use of an ultraviolet curable inkjet ink comprising a colorant, a polymerizable monomer having a specific structure, ethoxyphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, and at least one type selected from the group consisting of an acylphosphine oxide photopolymerization initiator different than the ethoxyphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, a benzophenone photopolymerization initiator, and an indane photopolymerization initiator, wherein the ratio of the content of the polymerizable monomer having the specific structure and the content of the ethoxyphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide is 2:1 to 8.5:1 by mass ratio, the content of a monofunctional monomer in the ultraviolet curable inkjet ink is 25% by mass or less, a printed matter having curability and coating film flexibility can be obtained regardless of the amount applied to a recording medium, and the discharge stability is also excellent.

The present invention relates to the technical field of security documents comprising a security feature, such as a windowed security thread, a security foil, a security patch, a hologram or an ink printed security feature, and a protective coating, and methods of manufacturing of said security documents. The security feature has a security feature thickness t.sub.f of at least about 5 μm (micrometers) and a security feature surface facing away from the substrate consisting of a first region adjacent to the edges of the security feature and a second region non-adjacent to the edges of the security feature. The protective coating covers the security feature surface facing away from the substrate, a first substrate surface adjacent to the edges of the security feature, and a second substrate surface, which is different from the substrate surface covered by the security feature and the first substrate surface. The protective coating covering the security feature surface facing away from the substrate and the first substrate surface is transparent, the protective coating covering the first region has a thickness t.sub.b1, the protective coating covering the second region has a thickness t.sub.b2, the protective coating covering the first substrate surface has a thickness t.sub.c, and the protective coating covering the second substrate surface has a thickness t.sub.a. The thickness t.sub.c is larger than the thickness t.sub.f, which is larger than the thickness t.sub.a; the thickness t.sub.b2 is larger than the thickness t.sub.a; and either the thickness t.sub.c is larger than the thickness t.sub.b1, which is larger than or equal to the thickness t.sub.b2; or the thickness t.sub.c is equal to the thickness t.sub.b1, which is larger than the thickness t.sub.b2. The variable protective coating thickness on the surface of the security document provides the inventive security document with an increased resistance against physical and chemical attacks from the environment, while maintaining the mechanical resistance properties required for such security documents.

The present invention relates to the technical field of security documents comprising a security feature, such as a windowed security thread, a security foil, a security patch, a hologram or an ink printed security feature, and a protective coating, and methods of manufacturing of said security documents. The security feature has a security feature thickness t.sub.f of at least about 5 μm (micrometers) and a security feature surface facing away from the substrate consisting of a first region adjacent to the edges of the security feature and a second region non-adjacent to the edges of the security feature. The protective coating covers the security feature surface facing away from the substrate, a first substrate surface adjacent to the edges of the security feature, and a second substrate surface, which is different from the substrate surface covered by the security feature and the first substrate surface. The protective coating covering the security feature surface facing away from the substrate and the first substrate surface is transparent, the protective coating covering the first region has a thickness t.sub.b1, the protective coating covering the second region has a thickness t.sub.b2, the protective coating covering the first substrate surface has a thickness t.sub.c, and the protective coating covering the second substrate surface has a thickness t.sub.a. The thickness t.sub.c is larger than the thickness t.sub.f, which is larger than the thickness t.sub.a; the thickness t.sub.b2 is larger than the thickness t.sub.a; and either the thickness t.sub.c is larger than the thickness t.sub.b1, which is larger than or equal to the thickness t.sub.b2; or the thickness t.sub.c is equal to the thickness t.sub.b1, which is larger than the thickness t.sub.b2. The variable protective coating thickness on the surface of the security document provides the inventive security document with an increased resistance against physical and chemical attacks from the environment, while maintaining the mechanical resistance properties required for such security documents.