An over-print varnish formulation is described. The formulation comprises a non-ionic polyurethane dispersion; a water-soluble polymer of M.sub.w less than 55,000; a wax having a particle size (d.sub.50) 200 nm or less; and a water-soluble solvent, and at least 20 wt % solids, based on the total weight of the formulation. A method of printing using the formulation, and a printed article are also described.

The present invention is a thermal inkjet ink that provides good reliability at a wide range of industrial print conditions from both low temperature to high temperature environments across a broad range of humidities. It is particularly advantageous in low-temperature applications, for example, printing at temperatures down to 5° C. or lower continuously for 8 hours without developing print defects which can lead to unreadable codes; and, in the meantime also maintains other critical functional aspects including contrast, wetting, decap time, dry time, adhesion, ink cartridge stability, etc. The inks contain one or more binder resins that exhibit a hydroxyl number or acid number of at least 100 mg KOH/g; one or more terpene phenolic resins; one or more volatile organic solvents; and one or more dyes, and optionally further components.

An aqueous ink contains a titanium oxide particle, poly(acrylic acid) and potassium ions, in which the titanium oxide particle contains titanium oxide, at least part of the surface of the titanium oxide is covered with alumina and silica, and the poly(acrylic acid) content is 0.05 times or more to 0.40 times or less the alumina content in terms of a mass ratio.

The water-soluble resin for printing of the present invention includes a monomer unit A having a sulfonate group; and a monomer unit B having no hydrophilic group, and a percentage of the monomer unit A based on a total of all monomer units is 5 to 35 mol %. According to the water-soluble resin for printing of the present invention, a printed matter from which a printing layer can be safely and efficiently removed with neutral water and which is excellent in water resistance can be realized.

The water-soluble resin for printing of the present invention includes a monomer unit A having a sulfonate group; and a monomer unit B having no hydrophilic group, and a percentage of the monomer unit A based on a total of all monomer units is 5 to 35 mol %. According to the water-soluble resin for printing of the present invention, a printed matter from which a printing layer can be safely and efficiently removed with neutral water and which is excellent in water resistance can be realized.

A treatment liquid which is applied to a substrate by an inkjet system, and includes water, a coagulant, and a surfactant, in which the coagulant contains a polycondensate of an aliphatic amine and an epihalohydrin, and a diallyldialkylammonium halide-based polymer, at a mass ratio of 20:80 to 90:10, and the surfactant contains a fluorine-based surfactant and a silicone-based surfactant.

An aqueous ink for ink jet recording includes a titanium oxide particle containing titanium oxide, at least part of the surface of the titanium oxide being covered with alumina and silica in specific proportions, in which the titanium oxide particle is dispersed at least by the action of the silica, and the ratio (η.sub.1/η.sub.1,000) of the viscosity (η.sub.1) of the aqueous ink at a shear rate of 1 (1/s) to the viscosity (η.sub.1,000) at a shear rate of 1,000 (1/s) is 1.10 times or less.

The present disclosure describes multi-fluid kits for three-dimensional printing, three-dimensional printing kits, and methods of making three-dimensional printed articles. In one example, a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent, a hydrophobizing agent, and a hydrophilizing agent. The fusing agent can include water and an electromagnetic radiation absorber, wherein the electromagnetic radiation absorber absorbs radiation energy and converts the radiation energy to heat. The hydrophobizing agent can include water and a hydrophobic additive including a first polymer having a hydrophobic group, a monomer that is polymerizable to form a first polymer having a hydrophobic group, or a combination thereof. The hydrophilizing agent can include water and a hydrophilic additive including a second polymer having a hydrophilic group.

The present disclosure describes multi-fluid kits for three-dimensional printing, three-dimensional printing kits, and methods of making three-dimensional printed articles. In one example, a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent, a hydrophobizing agent, and a hydrophilizing agent. The fusing agent can include water and an electromagnetic radiation absorber, wherein the electromagnetic radiation absorber absorbs radiation energy and converts the radiation energy to heat. The hydrophobizing agent can include water and a hydrophobic additive including a first polymer having a hydrophobic group, a monomer that is polymerizable to form a first polymer having a hydrophobic group, or a combination thereof. The hydrophilizing agent can include water and a hydrophilic additive including a second polymer having a hydrophilic group.

Polymer resins for the vat photopolymerization of thermoplastics are provided, in particular for the vat photopolymerization of thermoplastics with exception thermal stability and mechanical properties. In some aspects, the polymer resins are prepared by ring opening of an aromatic dianhydride with an alcohol containing an acrylate or methacrylate to produce a photocrosslinkable diacid monomer; conversion of the photocrosslinkable diacid monomer to a photocrosslinkable diacyl chloride; and polymerization of the photocrosslinkable diacyl chloride with an aromatic diamine to produce a photocrosslinkable precursor polymer. Upon crosslinking and drying, a thermal imidization can yield aromatic polyimide polymers with high yield and with micron-scale structural resolution.