In an example of a method for three-dimensional (3D) printing, a polymeric build material is applied to form a build material layer. A fusing agent is selectively applied, based on a 3D object model, onto the build material layer to form a patterned portion. A hydrophobic agent is selectively applied, based on the 3D object model, onto at least a portion of the patterned portion. The hydrophobic agent includes a lipophilic phase discontinuously dispersed within an aqueous phase by a surfactant, wherein the lipophilic phase includes an organosilane having a central silicon atom coupled to a C6 to C24 aliphatic or alicyclic hydro-carbon and multiple hydrolyzable groups, wherein the organosilane is present in the hydrophobic agent at from about 1 wt % to about 20 wt %. The build material layer is exposed to energy to selectively coalesce the patterned portion and form a 3D object layer having a hydrophobic portion.

This disclosure describes three-dimensional printing kits, methods, and systems for three-dimensional printing with directionally-dependent reflective particles. In one example, a three-dimensional printing kit can include a powder bed material and a fusing agent to selectively apply to the powder bed material. The powder bed material can include polymer particles and directionally-dependent reflective particles. The directionally-dependent reflective particles can be chemically and thermally stable at a melting point temperature of the polymer particles. The fusing agent can include water and a radiation absorber to absorb radiation energy and convert the radiation energy to heat.

This disclosure describes three-dimensional printing kits, methods, and systems for three-dimensional printing with directionally-dependent reflective particles. In one example, a three-dimensional printing kit can include a powder bed material and a fusing agent to selectively apply to the powder bed material. The powder bed material can include polymer particles and directionally-dependent reflective particles. The directionally-dependent reflective particles can be chemically and thermally stable at a melting point temperature of the polymer particles. The fusing agent can include water and a radiation absorber to absorb radiation energy and convert the radiation energy to heat.

A fixer fluid can include a fixer vehicle with water, an NH-type or N-alkylated lactam co-solvent, and a phosphate ester surfactant. The fixer fluid can further include from 0.5 wt % to 12 wt % an azetidinium-containing polyamine polymer dispersed in the fixer vehicle.

A fixer fluid can include a fixer vehicle with water, an NH-type or N-alkylated lactam co-solvent, and a phosphate ester surfactant. The fixer fluid can further include from 0.5 wt % to 12 wt % an azetidinium-containing polyamine polymer dispersed in the fixer vehicle.

A ceramic ink for digital printing, preferably for inkjet printing, comprises at least one solid part comprising at least one ceramic pigment or dye; and at least one liquid part into which said ceramic pigment or dye is dispersed and comprising one or more vehicles and/or one or more dispersants; wherein at least one of either the one or more vehicles or the one or more dispersants comprises one or more organic or inorganic silicon compounds.

A ceramic ink for digital printing, preferably for inkjet printing, comprises at least one solid part comprising at least one ceramic pigment or dye; and at least one liquid part into which said ceramic pigment or dye is dispersed and comprising one or more vehicles and/or one or more dispersants; wherein at least one of either the one or more vehicles or the one or more dispersants comprises one or more organic or inorganic silicon compounds.

The present invention relates to an effect pigment having optically active layers consisting of a flake of a highly reflective material with directly adjacent on one side or on both sides a layer of a semiconducting material having a bandgap of 0.1 to 3.5 eV. The effect pigment may be further coated with a coating which is optically non-active in the visible wavelength region.

The present invention relates to an effect pigment having optically active layers consisting of a flake of a highly reflective material with directly adjacent on one side or on both sides a layer of a semiconducting material having a bandgap of 0.1 to 3.5 eV. The effect pigment may be further coated with a coating which is optically non-active in the visible wavelength region.

An alkali release solution contains a basic compound, a polyoxyalkylene alkyl derivative, and water, for releasing a printed layer formed on a base material and constituted by a gravure printing ink composition for label surface printing that satisfies a or b below: a) containing no vinyl chloride resin, wherein the composition contains a pigment, a binder resin containing cellulose resin and urethane resin, and an organic solvent, wherein the ratio by mass of the solids content of polyurethane resin and cellulose resin is 5/95 to 95/5; or b) containing a vinyl chloride resin, the composition contains a pigment, a vinyl chloride resin, and a polyurethane resin, wherein the content of the vinyl chloride resin, based on the ratio by mass of the solids content of vinyl chloride resin and urethane resin, is 1.73 parts by mass or lower relative to the urethane resin representing 1.00 part by mass.