The present invention relates to an organic light emitting diode using a p-type oxide semiconductor containing gallium, and a preparation method therefor. According to the present invention, provided is an organic light emitting diode comprising an anode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer and a cathode, wherein the hole injection layer is a p-type oxide semiconductor containing Ga.

The present invention relates to an organic light emitting diode using a p-type oxide semiconductor containing gallium, and a preparation method therefor. According to the present invention, provided is an organic light emitting diode comprising an anode, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer and a cathode, wherein the hole injection layer is a p-type oxide semiconductor containing Ga.

An inkjet recording method for printing an inkjet recording medium comprising an ink-receiving layer containing inorganic pigment, starch and copolymer latex on a surface of a base with inkjet ink as aqueous pigment ink, a content of the inorganic pigment being 10 g/m.sup.2 or more to 35 g/m.sup.2 or less in the ink-receiving layer,and a content of calcium carbonate being from 80% by weight or more to 100% by weight or less, the inkjet ink containing one or more selected from self dispersed pigment and pigment containing water-insoluble polymer particles, from 10% by weight or more to 48% by weight or less of a water-soluble organic solvent A having a boiling point of 230° C. or less, from 0% by weight or more to 5.0% by weight or less of a water-soluble organic solvent B having a boiling point of 280° C. or more, from 42% by weight or more to 70% by weight or less of water.

A non-Newtonian photo-curable ink composition that comprises a structured network forming agent in an amount ranging from about 0.1 wt % to about 20 wt % by total weight of the ink composition; a salt in an amount ranging from about 0.05 wt % to about 20 wt % by total weight of the ink composition; an organic solvent; a photo-initiator; and a polymerizable material; wherein the ink composition has a first dynamic viscosity ranging from 25 cps to 10,000 cps at a first state and a second dynamic viscosity ranging from 1 cps to 50 cps at a second state. Also described herein is a method for making such non-Newtonian photo-curable ink composition and a method for producing printed images using such non-Newtonian photo-curable ink composition.

A non-Newtonian photo-curable ink composition that comprises a structured network forming agent in an amount ranging from about 0.1 wt % to about 20 wt % by total weight of the ink composition; a salt in an amount ranging from about 0.05 wt % to about 20 wt % by total weight of the ink composition; an organic solvent; a photo-initiator; and a polymerizable material; wherein the ink composition has a first dynamic viscosity ranging from 25 cps to 10,000 cps at a first state and a second dynamic viscosity ranging from 1 cps to 50 cps at a second state. Also described herein is a method for making such non-Newtonian photo-curable ink composition and a method for producing printed images using such non-Newtonian photo-curable ink composition.

A non-Newtonian photo-curable ink composition that includes a metal oxide/alkoxysilane complex in an amount ranging from about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt %, a salt in an amount ranging from about 0.05 wt % to about 20 wt %, a photo-initiator, an organic solvent, and water, wherein the ink composition has a first dynamic viscosity ranging from 25 cps to 10,000 cps at a first sate and a second dynamic viscosity ranging from 1 cps to 50 cps at a second state. Also described herein is a method for making such non-Newtonian photo-curable ink composition and a method for producing printed images using such non-Newtonian pho to-curable ink composition.

A non-Newtonian photo-curable ink composition that includes a metal oxide/alkoxysilane complex in an amount ranging from about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt %, a salt in an amount ranging from about 0.05 wt % to about 20 wt %, a photo-initiator, an organic solvent, and water, wherein the ink composition has a first dynamic viscosity ranging from 25 cps to 10,000 cps at a first sate and a second dynamic viscosity ranging from 1 cps to 50 cps at a second state. Also described herein is a method for making such non-Newtonian photo-curable ink composition and a method for producing printed images using such non-Newtonian pho to-curable ink composition.

An upconverting pigment dispersion includes an upconverting pigment, such as a β-NaYF.sub.4 crystal doped with at least one of Erbium, Ytterbium or Thulium. The upconverting pigment dispersion is aqueous. Upconverting inkjet ink is made by mixing the crystals with a polymer dispersant and water and milling the mixture until the crystal particles are between 50 nanometers and 200 nanometers. Deionized water, a colorant and a humectant are added to the milled mixture.

An upconverting pigment dispersion includes an upconverting pigment, such as a β-NaYF.sub.4 crystal doped with at least one of Erbium, Ytterbium or Thulium. The upconverting pigment dispersion is aqueous. Upconverting inkjet ink is made by mixing the crystals with a polymer dispersant and water and milling the mixture until the crystal particles are between 50 nanometers and 200 nanometers. Deionized water, a colorant and a humectant are added to the milled mixture.

A glass or ceramic dishware item with an image disposed thereon is provided. The image is transferred, at ambient temperature, to the surface of the dishware from an ink composite by using a silicone transfer substrate. The ink composite is dispensed by an inkjet head. Methods and systems for producing ink composites and dishware using ink composites are also provided.