A printing method prints an image on a leather with an ink set including a color ink and a clear ink. The printing method includes: applying the clear ink to a region of the leather where the color ink is to be applied; applying the color ink onto the clear ink applied; and applying the clear ink onto the color ink applied.

The present invention provides a model material clear composition to be used in a material-jet optical shaping process, comprising an ethylenically unsaturated compound (A) and a photopolymerization initiator, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated compound (A) comprises: an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A1) having a dicyclopentenyl group and/or a dicyclopentanyl group; an ethylenically unsaturated compound (A2) having an aliphatic cyclic structure in a molecule and having a urethane group; and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A3) having an aliphatic cyclic structure in a molecule and having neither a urethane group nor an amide group (excluding the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A1)), and wherein a total mass of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A1), the ethylenically unsaturated compound (A2), and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A3) is 60% by mass or more based on the total mass of the ethylenically unsaturated compound (A).

The present invention provides a model material clear composition to be used in a material-jet optical shaping process, comprising an ethylenically unsaturated compound (A) and a photopolymerization initiator, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated compound (A) comprises: an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A1) having a dicyclopentenyl group and/or a dicyclopentanyl group; an ethylenically unsaturated compound (A2) having an aliphatic cyclic structure in a molecule and having a urethane group; and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A3) having an aliphatic cyclic structure in a molecule and having neither a urethane group nor an amide group (excluding the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A1)), and wherein a total mass of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A1), the ethylenically unsaturated compound (A2), and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer (A3) is 60% by mass or more based on the total mass of the ethylenically unsaturated compound (A).

A non-Newtonian photo-curable ink composition that comprises from about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt % of metal oxide particles having an average particle size ranging from 1 to 50 nm; from about 0.05 wt % to about 10 Wt % of an inorganic salt; an organic solvent; a photo-initiator; and a polymerizable material; wherein the ink composition has a first dynamic viscosity ranging from 25 cps to 10,000 cps at a first state and a second dynamic viscosity ranging from 1 cps to 50 cps at a second state. Also described herein is a method for making such non-Newtonian photo-curable ink composition and a method for producing printed images using such non-Newtonian photo-curable ink composition.

An object of the present invention is to provide an ultraviolet curing liquid composition having high sensitivity, excellent storage stability, low viscosity, and excellent fixability after ultraviolet curing. The ultraviolet curable liquid composition of the present invention is an ultraviolet curable liquid composition containing a cationically polymerizable liquid monomer, a photopolymerization initiator and a photopolymerization sensitizer, wherein the cationically polymerizable liquid monomer is a vinyl ether compound, the photopolymerization initiator includes a compound represented by general formula (1), and the photopolymerization sensitizer includes (A) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by general formula (2) and a compound represented by general formula (3), and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by general formula (4) and a compound represented by general formula (5).

An object of the present invention is to provide an ultraviolet curing liquid composition having high sensitivity, excellent storage stability, low viscosity, and excellent fixability after ultraviolet curing. The ultraviolet curable liquid composition of the present invention is an ultraviolet curable liquid composition containing a cationically polymerizable liquid monomer, a photopolymerization initiator and a photopolymerization sensitizer, wherein the cationically polymerizable liquid monomer is a vinyl ether compound, the photopolymerization initiator includes a compound represented by general formula (1), and the photopolymerization sensitizer includes (A) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by general formula (2) and a compound represented by general formula (3), and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by general formula (4) and a compound represented by general formula (5).

A multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent and a detailing agent. The fusing agent can include water and a radiation absorber. The radiation absorber absorbs radiation energy and converts the radiation energy to heat. The detailing agent includes a lipophilic phase discontinuously dispersed within an aqueous phase by a surfactant. The lipophilic phase includes an organosilane having a central silicon atom coupled to a C6 to C24 aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon and multiple hydrolyzable groups. The organosilane is present in the detailing agent at from about 1 wt % to about 20 wt %.

A multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent and a detailing agent. The fusing agent can include water and a radiation absorber. The radiation absorber absorbs radiation energy and converts the radiation energy to heat. The detailing agent includes a lipophilic phase discontinuously dispersed within an aqueous phase by a surfactant. The lipophilic phase includes an organosilane having a central silicon atom coupled to a C6 to C24 aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon and multiple hydrolyzable groups. The organosilane is present in the detailing agent at from about 1 wt % to about 20 wt %.

An aqueous ink for ink jet including a resin particle. The resin particle has a first layer and a second layer in this order from the inside toward the outside of the resin particle. The first layer is formed of a first resin in which the proportion of a unit derived from a cycloaliphatic-group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer is 10% by mass or less. The tetrahydrofuran-insoluble fraction of the second layer is 15% by mass or more. The second layer is formed of a second resin having the unit derived from the cycloaliphatic-group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a unit derived from an ionic-group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer. The proportion of the unit derived from the ionic-group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the second resin is 3% by mass or more to 70% by mass or less.

An aqueous ink for ink jet, the aqueous ink including a pigment and a resin for dispersing the pigment. The pigment is impregnated with a compound having a structure in which at least two structures each represented by General Formula (1) are bonded by a glycoside bond.

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