Provided is a cleaning solution including: water; a compound represented by general formula (1) below; a glycol ether solves in an amount of greater than 5 g in 100 g of water having a temperature of 25 degrees C., and a proportion of the glycol ether compound is 1 percent by mass or greater but 30 percent by mass or less, and wherein in general formula (1) below, R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group containing 1 or more but 4 or less carbon atoms. ##STR00001##

An ink jet ink composition is a water-based ink which contains a colorant; inorganic oxide particles; a watersoluble silicate; and water, and a content of the watersoluble silicate with respect to a total mass of the ink is 0.5 percent by mass or less.

An ink set includes a black ink composition containing a black colorant and a chromatic ink composition containing a colorant and is used for recording on a low-absorbing or a non-absorbing recording medium. In the ink set, the black ink composition and the chromatic ink composition are both water-based ink jet inks, the chromatic ink composition contains a silicone-based surfactant 1 in which in a molecular weight distribution by a gel permeation chromatography, the maximum peak in a molecular weight range of 300 or more is located in a range of 3,000 to 20,000, and the black ink composition contains at least one of a glycol monoether solvent and a silicone-based surfactant 2 in which in a molecular weight distribution by a gel permeation chromatography, the maximum peak in a molecular weight range of 300 or more is located in a range of 300 to 1,500.

A radiation-curable ink jet ink composition contains polymerizable monomers A including at least one monofunctional monomer B and at least one multifunctional monomer C. The polymerizable monomers A include at least one polymerizable monomer A1 whose homopolymer has a glass transition temperature of 50° C. or more in a proportion of 20% by mass or more relative to the total mass of the polymerizable monomers A. Homopolymers of the polymerizable monomers A have glass transition temperatures whose average weighted by the proportions by mass of the individual polymerizable monomers A is 25° C. to 40° C. The amount of at least one monofunctional monomer B is 50% to 80% by mass relative to the total mass of the polymerizable monomers A. The at least one multifunctional monomer C includes a specific vinyl group-containing (meth)acrylate C1.

A water-based ink includes water, a colorant, and a water-soluble organic solvent. The water-soluble organic solvent includes a penetrating agent and a wetting agent. The penetrating agent includes a compound of formula (1), and the wetting agent comprises a compound of formula (2). In formula (1), x is 4 or more, and y is 2 or more, in formula (2), x is 2 or more. An amount of the compound of formula (1) relative to a total mass of the water-based ink is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 mass %. An amount of the compound of formula (2) relative to a total mass of the water-based ink is preferably 1.0 to 10.0 mass %.

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A non-white textile printing ink jet ink composition according to the present disclosure contains a pigment, a resin particle, an acetylene-based surfactant having an HLB value of 6 or more and 10 or less, and water, wherein a content of the acetylene-based surfactant is 0.5% by mass or more and 2.0% by mass or less relative to a total amount of the ink composition, and the ink composition is used for a fabric having water absorbency evaluated using a method described below is 1 or more, method: a test fabric cut into 2 cm square is mounted on a water surface in a glass bottle which has a volume of 50 mL and in which 30 mL of pure water is introduced so that a height from a bottom to the water surface is 4 cm, a fabric surface being set to be parallel to the water surface, and a time elapsed from the fabric being mounted until a portion of the fabric reaching the bottom of the glass bottle is denoted as water absorbency in seconds.

A non-white textile printing ink jet ink composition according to the present disclosure contains a pigment, a resin particle, an acetylene-based surfactant having an HLB value of 6 or more and 10 or less, and water, wherein a content of the acetylene-based surfactant is 0.5% by mass or more and 2.0% by mass or less relative to a total amount of the ink composition, and the ink composition is used for a fabric having water absorbency evaluated using a method described below is 1 or more, method: a test fabric cut into 2 cm square is mounted on a water surface in a glass bottle which has a volume of 50 mL and in which 30 mL of pure water is introduced so that a height from a bottom to the water surface is 4 cm, a fabric surface being set to be parallel to the water surface, and a time elapsed from the fabric being mounted until a portion of the fabric reaching the bottom of the glass bottle is denoted as water absorbency in seconds.

A recording method is a method including an adhesion step of adhering an ink composition to a recording medium, in which the recording medium is a low-absorbing recording medium or a non-absorbing recording medium, the adhesion step is performed by scanning that is carried out by jetting the ink composition from an ink jet head to make the ink composition adhere to the recording medium while moving relative positions of the ink jet head and the recording medium, the scanning is performed seven times or less on an identical region of the recording medium, the ink composition is an aqueous ink containing a coloring material and a silicone-based surfactant A, and a maximum peak of the silicone-based surfactant A in a molecular weight range of 300 or greater is present in a range of 3000 to 20000 in a molecular weight distribution obtained by gel permeation chromatography.

A recording method is a method including an adhesion step of adhering an ink composition to a recording medium, in which the recording medium is a low-absorbing recording medium or a non-absorbing recording medium, the adhesion step is performed by scanning that is carried out by jetting the ink composition from an ink jet head to make the ink composition adhere to the recording medium while moving relative positions of the ink jet head and the recording medium, the scanning is performed seven times or less on an identical region of the recording medium, the ink composition is an aqueous ink containing a coloring material and a silicone-based surfactant A, and a maximum peak of the silicone-based surfactant A in a molecular weight range of 300 or greater is present in a range of 3000 to 20000 in a molecular weight distribution obtained by gel permeation chromatography.

An example of a dispersion includes cesium tungsten oxide nanoparticles, a zwitterionic stabilizer, and a balance of water. An example of a jettable composition includes cesium tungsten oxide nanoparticles, a zwitterionic stabilizer, a surfactant, a co-solvent, and a balance of water. A method for improving the stabilization of a jettable composition includes incorporating a zwitterionic stabilizer in the jettable composition, which includes the cesium tungsten oxide nanoparticles, the surfactant, the co-solvent, and the balance of water.