Water based, energy curable ink jet compositions that have good insulating properties are described herein. The inventive water based energy curable ink jet compositions include a water soluble or water dispersible component polymerizable by free radical polymeration upon exposure to polymerizing radiation, wherein the cured ink jet compositions have good insulating properties, exhibited for example, by its breakdown voltage. Also described are electronic devices including ink jet-printed layers of the ink jet compositions.

A fabric processing method of the present disclosure includes an attaching step of attaching a carboxylic anhydride to a fabric containing cellulose, and an esterification step of esterifying a hydroxyl group of the cellulose, in which, in the esterification step, the carboxylic acid is introduced into the cellulose through an ester bond. A molecular weight of the carboxylic anhydride preferably is 1000 or less.

A fabric processing method of the present disclosure includes an attaching step of attaching a carboxylic anhydride to a fabric containing cellulose, and an esterification step of esterifying a hydroxyl group of the cellulose, in which, in the esterification step, the carboxylic acid is introduced into the cellulose through an ester bond. A molecular weight of the carboxylic anhydride preferably is 1000 or less.

A visible light activated ink that produces a color change when exposed to visible light is provided. The ink includes a visible light activated photochromic compound, one or more binders, additives including one or more surfactants, and a solvent. The visible light activated ink is substantially colorless in the as-deposited state and requires a visible light intensity of approximately 300 W/m.sup.2 or greater at a wavelength of approximately 400-700 nm to produce a color change.

The present invention is a thermal inkjet ink that provides good reliability at a wide range of industrial print conditions from both low temperature to high temperature environments across a broad range of humidities. It is particularly advantageous in low-temperature applications, for example, printing at temperatures down to 5° C. or lower continuously for 8 hours without developing print defects which can lead to unreadable codes; and, in the meantime also maintains other critical functional aspects including contrast, wetting, decap time, dry time, adhesion, ink cartridge stability, etc. The inks contain one or more binder resins that exhibit a hydroxyl number or acid number of at least 100 mg KOH/g; one or more terpene phenolic resins; one or more volatile organic solvents; and one or more dyes, and optionally further components.

The present invention is a thermal inkjet ink that provides good reliability at a wide range of industrial print conditions from both low temperature to high temperature environments across a broad range of humidities. It is particularly advantageous in low-temperature applications, for example, printing at temperatures down to 5° C. or lower continuously for 8 hours without developing print defects which can lead to unreadable codes; and, in the meantime also maintains other critical functional aspects including contrast, wetting, decap time, dry time, adhesion, ink cartridge stability, etc. The inks contain one or more binder resins that exhibit a hydroxyl number or acid number of at least 100 mg KOH/g; one or more terpene phenolic resins; one or more volatile organic solvents; and one or more dyes, and optionally further components.

Provided is an ink set for security image recording comprising an infrared-absorbing ink jet ink which contains a polymerizable compound and an infrared absorbing dye and in which a maximum value of an absorbance in a wavelength range of 750 nm to 1,000 nm is larger than a maximum value of an absorbance in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 750 nm, and color ink jet inks which each contain a polymerizable compound and a colored colorant and satisfy a ratio of a maximum value of an absorbance of each of the color ink jet inks in a wavelength range of 750 nm to 1,000 nm to the maximum value of the absorbance of the infrared-absorbing ink jet ink in a wavelength range of 750 nm to 1,000 nm of 0.10 or less. Also provided are applications of the ink set.

Provided is an ink set for security image recording comprising an infrared-absorbing ink jet ink which contains a polymerizable compound and an infrared absorbing dye and in which a maximum value of an absorbance in a wavelength range of 750 nm to 1,000 nm is larger than a maximum value of an absorbance in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 750 nm, and color ink jet inks which each contain a polymerizable compound and a colored colorant and satisfy a ratio of a maximum value of an absorbance of each of the color ink jet inks in a wavelength range of 750 nm to 1,000 nm to the maximum value of the absorbance of the infrared-absorbing ink jet ink in a wavelength range of 750 nm to 1,000 nm of 0.10 or less. Also provided are applications of the ink set.

A system for applying a coating composition to a substrate utilizing a high transfer efficiency applicator is provided herein. The system includes a storage device for storing instructions for performing a matching protocol, and one or more data processors configured to execute the instructions to, receive, by one or more data processors, target image data of a target coating, the target image data generated by an electronic imaging device, and apply the target image data to a matching protocol to generate application instructions. The system further includes a high transfer efficiency applicator defining a nozzle orifice. The high transfer efficiency applicator is configured to expel the coating composition through the nozzle orifice to the substrate to form a coating layer. The high transfer efficiency applicator is configured expel the coating composition based on the application instructions.

A system for applying a coating composition to a substrate utilizing a high transfer efficiency applicator is provided herein. The system includes a storage device for storing instructions for performing a matching protocol, and one or more data processors configured to execute the instructions to, receive, by one or more data processors, target image data of a target coating, the target image data generated by an electronic imaging device, and apply the target image data to a matching protocol to generate application instructions. The system further includes a high transfer efficiency applicator defining a nozzle orifice. The high transfer efficiency applicator is configured to expel the coating composition through the nozzle orifice to the substrate to form a coating layer. The high transfer efficiency applicator is configured expel the coating composition based on the application instructions.