The present invention provides a method for producing an optical film excellent in anti-fouling properties and scratch resistance as well as anti-reflection properties. The method includes the steps of: (1) applying a lower layer resin and an upper layer resin; (2) forming a resin layer having the uneven structure on a surface thereof by pressing a mold against the lower layer resin and the upper layer resin from the upper layer resin side in the state where the applied lower layer resin and upper layer resin are stacked; and (3) curing the resin layer, the lower layer resin containing at least one kind of first monomer that contains no fluorine atoms, the upper layer resin containing a fluorine-containing monomer and at least one kind of second monomer that contains no fluorine atoms, at least one of the first monomer and the second monomer containing a compatible monomer that is compatible with the fluorine-containing monomer and being dissolved in the lower layer resin and the upper layer resin.

Disclosed is a resinous adhesion promoter comprising (a) a random copolymer having first and second constitutional monomeric units, the first units comprising halogen and/or a pendant organic group having six or more carbon atoms and the second monomeric units comprising an active hydrogen-containing functional group; and (b) one of either (i) a non-reactive adhesion promoter or (ii) a reaction mixture comprising a first component and a second component, at least one of the first and second components having functional groups being reactive with the active hydrogen-containing functional groups of the random copolymer.

Disclosed is a resinous adhesion promoter comprising (a) a random copolymer having first and second constitutional monomeric units, the first units comprising halogen and/or a pendant organic group having six or more carbon atoms and the second monomeric units comprising an active hydrogen-containing functional group; and (b) one of either (i) a non-reactive adhesion promoter or (ii) a reaction mixture comprising a first component and a second component, at least one of the first and second components having functional groups being reactive with the active hydrogen-containing functional groups of the random copolymer.

Disclosed is a resinous adhesion promoter comprising (a) a random copolymer having first and second constitutional monomeric units, the first units comprising halogen and/or a pendant organic group having six or more carbon atoms and the second monomeric units comprising an active hydrogen-containing functional group; and (b) one of either (i) a non-reactive adhesion promoter or (ii) a reaction mixture comprising a first component and a second component, at least one of the first and second components having functional groups being reactive with the active hydrogen-containing functional groups of the random copolymer.

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes toner base particles including a binding resin and a colorant. The binding resin is at least one of: a first polymer having a first structural unit represented by a general formula (1) below and a second polymer having a second structural unit represented by a general formula (2) below; and a copolymer having at least one of the first structural unit and the second structural unit.

##STR00001##

In the general formula (1), R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkoxy group having one to three carbon atoms.

##STR00002##

In the general formula (2), R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having one to three carbon atoms.

A resist topcoat composition includes an acrylic polymer including a structural unit containing a hydroxy group and a fluorine; a mixture including a sulfonic acid compound containing at least one fluorine and a carboxylic acid compound containing at least one fluorine in a weight ratio of about 1:0.1 to about 1:50; and a solvent. A method of forming patterns uses the resist topcoat composition to form a topcoat over a patterned substrate.

A resist topcoat composition includes an acrylic polymer including a structural unit containing a hydroxy group and a fluorine; a mixture including a sulfonic acid compound containing at least one fluorine and a carboxylic acid compound containing at least one fluorine in a weight ratio of about 1:0.1 to about 1:50; and a solvent. A method of forming patterns uses the resist topcoat composition to form a topcoat over a patterned substrate.

A radiation-sensitive resin composition includes: a polymer which has a first structural unit including a phenolic hydroxyl group, and a second structural unit represented by formula (1); and a radiation-sensitive acid generating agent which has a compound represented by formula (2). R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, or the like; R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; and R.sup.3 represents a divalent monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 ring atoms. Ar.sup.1 represents a group obtained by removing (q+1) hydrogen atoms on an aromatic ring from an arene formed by condensation of at least two benzene rings; R.sup.4 represents a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; q is an integer of 0 to 7; and R.sup.5 represents a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or the like.

##STR00001##

The specific embodiment of the present disclosure provides a protective coating. An anticorrosive coating having a compact rigid molecular structure is formed by plasma polymerization coating of monomers including alicyclic epoxy structural units, and a hydrophobic coating is simultaneously formed by plasma polymerization coating on the anticorrosive coating, thus, coatings with excellent protective performance to the substrate are formed.

A paint composition suitable for hydraulic transfer painting of automotive parts is provided. The painting composition includes urethane beads, thereby imparting a good touch sensation to a painted surface and improving the durability of the painted automotive part. The paining composition includes a resin mixture containing an acrylic polyol resin and a polyester polyol resin, a solvent, an anti-sedimentation agent, a curing accelerator, a UV stabilizer, a polysiloxane-based surface conditioning agent, a wax, and a urethane bead.