The compound according to the present invention is represented by a specific formula. The compound according to the present invention has a structure according to the specific formula, and therefore can be applied to a wet process and is excellent in heat resistance and etching resistance. In addition, the compound according to the present invention has such a specific structure, and therefore has a high heat resistance, a relatively high carbon concentration, a relatively low oxygen concentration and also a high solvent solubility. Therefore, the compound according to the present invention can be used to form an underlayer film whose degradation is suppressed at high-temperature baking and which is also excellent in etching resistance to oxygen plasma etching or the like. Furthermore, the compound is also excellent in adhesiveness with a resist layer and therefore can form an excellent resist pattern.

The compound according to the present invention is represented by a specific formula. The compound according to the present invention has a structure according to the specific formula, and therefore can be applied to a wet process and is excellent in heat resistance and etching resistance. In addition, the compound according to the present invention has such a specific structure, and therefore has a high heat resistance, a relatively high carbon concentration, a relatively low oxygen concentration and also a high solvent solubility. Therefore, the compound according to the present invention can be used to form an underlayer film whose degradation is suppressed at high-temperature baking and which is also excellent in etching resistance to oxygen plasma etching or the like. Furthermore, the compound is also excellent in adhesiveness with a resist layer and therefore can form an excellent resist pattern.

A phenolic hydroxyl-containing compound is provided. The compound dissolves well in solvents and can be formulated into compositions that give coatings superior in thermal decomposition resistance, alkali developability, resolution, and dry-etch resistance. Specifically, the compound is a phenolic hydroxyl-containing calixarene represented by structural formula (1): ##STR00001##
(where A is a structural unit including a dihydroxynaphthalene- or naphthol-derived structure optionally with a substituent alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, or aralkyl group or halogen atom on the aromatic rings and a methylene group optionally having an alkyl or aryl group in place of one of the hydrogen atoms) and obtained using a dihydroxynaphthalene in combination with a naphthol, with the total repeat number p being an integer of 2 to 10.

A phenolic hydroxyl-containing compound is provided. The compound dissolves well in solvents and can be formulated into compositions that give coatings superior in thermal decomposition resistance, alkali developability, resolution, and dry-etch resistance. Specifically, the compound is a phenolic hydroxyl-containing calixarene represented by structural formula (1): ##STR00001##
(where A is a structural unit including a dihydroxynaphthalene- or naphthol-derived structure optionally with a substituent alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, or aralkyl group or halogen atom on the aromatic rings and a methylene group optionally having an alkyl or aryl group in place of one of the hydrogen atoms) and obtained using a dihydroxynaphthalene in combination with a naphthol, with the total repeat number p being an integer of 2 to 10.

The composition for film formation includes a compound including a group of the formula (1) and a solvent. In the formula (1), R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 taken together represent a cyclic structure having 3 to 20 ring atoms together with the carbon atom or a carbon chain to which R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 bond. Ar.sup.1 represents a group obtained by removing (n+3) hydrogen atoms from an aromatic ring of an arene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. n is an integer of 0 to 9. R.sup.5 represents a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

##STR00001##

A method for forming a resist underlayer film includes applying a composition for forming a resist underlayer film directly or indirectly to a substrate to form a coating film. The coating film is heated at a heating temperature of higher than 450? C. and 600? C. or lower in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of less than 0.01% by volume. The composition for forming a resist underlayer film includes: a compound including an aromatic ring; a polymer which thermally decomposes at the heating temperature in heating the coating film, and which is other than the compound; and a solvent. The compound has a molecular weight of 400 or more. A content of the polymer is less than a content of the compound in the composition for forming a resist underlayer film.

A method for forming a resist underlayer film includes applying a composition for forming a resist underlayer film directly or indirectly to a substrate to form a coating film. The coating film is heated at a heating temperature of higher than 450? C. and 600? C. or lower in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of less than 0.01% by volume. The composition for forming a resist underlayer film includes: a compound including an aromatic ring; a polymer which thermally decomposes at the heating temperature in heating the coating film, and which is other than the compound; and a solvent. The compound has a molecular weight of 400 or more. A content of the polymer is less than a content of the compound in the composition for forming a resist underlayer film.

Storage stable polyhydroxylated aromatic ether adducts of polyalkylene oxide are described. Reactive compositions are formed by combining an ether adduct with an aldehyde, optionally further adding a phenolic-aldehyde prepolymer. The reactive compositions are cured by removing water, by acidification, or both. The cured compositions sorb solvated compounds from environments containing water. The cured compositions are also useful for pre-loading with compounds that are subsequently released at a controlled rate into environments containing water.

The present invention provides a resist multilayer film-attached substrate, including a substrate and a resist multilayer film formed on the substrate, in which the resist multilayer film has an organic resist underlayer film difficultly soluble in ammonia hydrogen peroxide water, an organic film soluble in ammonia hydrogen peroxide water, a silicon-containing resist middle layer film, and a resist upper layer film laminated on the substrate in the stated order. There can be provided a resist multilayer film-attached substrate that enables a silicon residue modified by dry etching to be easily removed in a wet manner with a removing liquid harmless to a semiconductor apparatus substrate and an organic resist underlayer film required in the patterning process, for example, an ammonia aqueous solution containing hydrogen peroxide called SC1, which is commonly used in the semiconductor manufacturing process.

The present invention provides a composition for forming an organic film, containing a polymer compound having one or more of repeating units shown by the general formulae (1) to (4) and an organic solvent containing one or more compounds selected from propylene glycol esters, ketones, and lactones, with a total concentration of more than 30 wt % with respect to the whole organic solvent. There can be provided a composition capable of forming an organic film that can be easily removed, together with a silicon residue modified by dry etching, in a wet manner with a removing liquid harmless to a semiconductor apparatus substrate and an organic resist underlayer film required in the patterning process, for example, an ammonia aqueous solution containing hydrogen peroxide called SC1, which is commonly used in the semiconductor manufacturing process.

##STR00001##