Materials systems resistant to penetration of molten salts and may be present within a molten-salt-facing wall of a device for containing a molten salt bath at an elevated temperature, and molten-salt-facing walls and devices formed by such materials systems. A first layer of such a system defines an outer surface for direct contact with the molten salt bath, and resists erosion and corrosion and is penetrable by the molten salt at the elevated temperature. A second layer is located adjacent to the first layer and exhibits little or no wetting by the molten salt so that at least a portion of a thickness of the second layer is not penetrable by the molten salt. A third layer is located adjacent to the second layer and is porous and exhibits a low thermal conductivity at the elevated temperature.

A renewable paraffinic composition is disclosed that contains at least 80 wt-% paraffins in a C16-C19 range for direct single phase immersion cooling. A direct single phase immersion cooling system and a method for direct single phase immersion cooling are also disclosed.

A heat transfer media comprises a particle. The particle comprises a discontinuous phase and a matrix material. The discontinuous phase is disposed within the matrix material, and the matrix material has a higher melting point than the discontinuous phase. The discontinuous phase has a melting point selected to be within a reaction temperature range.

A heat transfer media comprises a particle. The particle comprises a discontinuous phase and a matrix material. The discontinuous phase is disposed within the matrix material, and the matrix material has a higher melting point than the discontinuous phase. The discontinuous phase has a melting point selected to be within a reaction temperature range.

Heat transfer/storage fluids that are resistant to oxidation in air at elevated temperatures, and systems that utilize such heat transfer/storage fluids, for example, as part of a concentrating solar power (CSP) system or other electricity-generating systems. The heat transfer/storage fluid is a molten chloride solution comprising two or more chlorides selected from the group consisting of CaCl.sub.2, SrCl.sub.2, BaCl.sub.2, NaCl, and KCl.

Heat transfer/storage fluids that are resistant to oxidation in air at elevated temperatures, and systems that utilize such heat transfer/storage fluids, for example, as part of a concentrating solar power (CSP) system or other electricity-generating systems. The heat transfer/storage fluid is a molten chloride solution comprising two or more chlorides selected from the group consisting of CaCl.sub.2, SrCl.sub.2, BaCl.sub.2, NaCl, and KCl.

A heat transfer or storage medium containing a nitrate salt composition including at least one alkali metal nitrate and optionally alkaline earth metal nitrate; and, at least one alkali metal nitrite and optionally alkaline earth metal nitrite in an amount of 1.1 to 15.0 mol %. The molar amount of the alkali metal nitrite and optionally alkaline earth metal nitrite for a desired temperature is calculated by $x_{\mathrm{nitrite}}=\frac{K_6\left(T\right)}{K_6\left(T\right)+\sqrt{P_{O2}}}$
X.sub.nitrite is the mole fraction of nitrite,
K.sub.6(T) is the temperature-dependent equilibrium constant of the reaction nitrate ⇄nitrite+½ oxygen (NO.sub.3.sup.−⇄ NO.sub.2.sup.−+½ O.sub.2),
pO.sub.2 is the oxygen partial pressure and T is the temperature of the nitrate salt composition.

A heat transfer or storage medium containing a nitrate salt composition including at least one alkali metal nitrate and optionally alkaline earth metal nitrate; and, at least one alkali metal nitrite and optionally alkaline earth metal nitrite in an amount of 1.1 to 15.0 mol %. The molar amount of the alkali metal nitrite and optionally alkaline earth metal nitrite for a desired temperature is calculated by $x_{\mathrm{nitrite}}=\frac{K_6\left(T\right)}{K_6\left(T\right)+\sqrt{P_{O2}}}$
X.sub.nitrite is the mole fraction of nitrite,
K.sub.6(T) is the temperature-dependent equilibrium constant of the reaction nitrate ⇄nitrite+½ oxygen (NO.sub.3.sup.−⇄ NO.sub.2.sup.−+½ O.sub.2),
pO.sub.2 is the oxygen partial pressure and T is the temperature of the nitrate salt composition.

A method for storing an inorganic salt, wherein the inorganic salt has a long service life, and the stability of a salt melt made of the inorganic salt is increased. This is achieved in that the inorganic salt is provided in a liquid state, wherein the inorganic salt comprises anions which decompose when heat is supplied, thereby forming at least one gaseous decomposition product, and the pressure of the gas atmosphere is set such that the gas atmosphere is in chemical equilibrium with the inorganic salt in the liquid state.

A method for storing an inorganic salt, wherein the inorganic salt has a long service life, and the stability of a salt melt made of the inorganic salt is increased. This is achieved in that the inorganic salt is provided in a liquid state, wherein the inorganic salt comprises anions which decompose when heat is supplied, thereby forming at least one gaseous decomposition product, and the pressure of the gas atmosphere is set such that the gas atmosphere is in chemical equilibrium with the inorganic salt in the liquid state.