The invention covers new bicyclic bridged [1,3]oksazepine derivatives of the general formula (I) and (II):

##STR00001##

which exhibit enhanced photochromic properties as compared with known spiropyrans and can be used as molecular photoswitches. The method of production of new compounds and intermediates for preparation thereof are disclosed.

An amine compound is represented by Formula 1. A light emitting element of an embodiment includes a first electrode, a second electrode and at least one functional layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including the amine compound represented by Formula 1 below, thereby showing high efficiency and long-life characteristics.

##STR00001##

An organic molecule having a structure of Formula I for the application in optoelectronic devices: ##STR00001##
wherein m is an integer from 1 to 2; n is an integer from 0 to 4; o is an integer from 0 to 2; with the sum (m+n+o) being an integer from 1 to 5; and X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, CN and CF.sub.3.

The present specification relates to a novel compound, and a color conversion film, a backlight unit, and a display device, comprising the same.

An object of the present invention is to provide a kit and a method which are capable of measuring a measurement target substance in a biological sample with high precision in a measurement range from a low concentration range to a high concentration range. According to the present invention, there is provided a kit for measuring a measurement target substance in a biological sample, including a labeled particle having a first binding substance capable of binding to a measurement target substance in a biological sample, and a substrate having a second binding substance capable of binding to any one of the measurement target substance or the first binding substance, in which the labeled particle is a luminescent labeled particle containing at least one kind of compound represented by Formula (1) and a particle. ##STR00001## Each symbol in Formula (1) has the meaning described in the present specification.

Provided is a compound comprising the structure:

(SIG)-(SI-MOD).sub.m.

In this compound, SIG is a signaling molecule, SI is a self-immolative structure bound to SIG such that SIG has a reduced signal relative to the signal of SIG without SI, MOD is a moiety bound to SI that is subject to modification by an activator, and m is an integer from 1 to about 10. With this compound, when MOD is modified by an activator, SI is destabilized and self-cleaved from SIG such that SIG generates an increased signal. Also provided is a method of determining whether a sample comprises an activator, using the above-described compound. Additionally provided is a method of determining whether a cell comprises a nitroreductase using the above-described compound where nitroreductase is the activator. Further provided is a method of determining whether a mammalian cell is hypoxic using the above-described compound where nitroreductase is the activator. A method of detecting a microorganism that comprises a nitroreductase, using the above-described compound where nitroreductase is the activator, is also provided. Also provided is a method of identifying nitroreductase in a sample, using the above-described compound where nitroreductase is the activator.

The present invention relates to: an organic compound represented by a combination of Chemical Formulas 1 and 2; an organic optoelectronic device comprising the organic compound; and a display device.

##STR00001##

An organic compound represented by General Formula (1),

##STR00001##

in which, in General Formula (1), R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are each independently selected from an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, or an aralkyl group which may have a substituent, and A.sub.1.sup.− and A.sub.2.sup.− each independently represent a monovalent anion.

The invention provides a red organic electroluminescent device, composed of a substrate, an anode layer, an anode modification layer, a hole transporting-electron blocking layer, a hole-dominated light-emitting layer, an electron-dominated light-emitting layer, a hole blocking-electron transporting layer, a cathode modification layer, and a cathode layer arranged in turn, wherein the electron-dominated light-emitting layer is composed of an organic sensitive material, a red organic light-emitting material, and an electron-type organic host material. A rare earth complex having a matched energy level, such as Eu(DBM).sub.3phen or Eu(TTA).sub.3phen is selected as the organic sensitive material, and a trace amount of the same is doped into the electron-dominated light-emitting layer, which has the function of an energy transporting ladder and a deep binding center for charge carriers, so as to improve the light-emitting effectiveness, spectral stability, and service life of the device, reduce the operating voltage of the device, and delay the attenuation of the effectiveness of the device.

Provided is an alkoxysilyl group-containing organic EL dye that can be used for the production of fluorescent silica particles that do not fade. This alkoxysilyl group-containing organic EL dye is represented by the general formula X—Y-Q-Z—Si(R.sub.1).sub.n(OR.sub.2).sub.3-n, wherein X is an organic EL dye, Y is a direct bond or —(CH.sub.2).sub.p— (p represents an integer from 1 to 10) or —(O—CH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.q— (q represents an integer from 1 to 10), Q is a bond selected from the group consisting of amide bond, ether bond, thioether bond, thioester bond, thiourea bond, disulfide bond, and polyoxyethylene bond, Z is —(CH.sub.2).sub.3— or —(CH.sub.2).sub.2NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3—, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and n represents 0 or 1.