A method and a system for the real-time optimization of a molecular-level device, and a storage medium are described. The method includes: inputting molecular composition of petroleum processing feedstocks into a pre-trained product prediction model to obtain a predicted molecular composition of corresponding predicted products and a predicted molecular content of each single molecule; determining whether the predicted product meets a preset standard for a target product; if the predicted product does not meet any preset standard for a target product, adjusting an operation parameter in the product prediction model, to re-obtain the predicted molecular composition and the predicted molecular content, until the preset standard is met. By means of the present disclosure, molecular-level integral simulation and real-time optimization of the molecular-level device from the feedstocks to the product processing process are achieved, and the precision and production efficiency are improved.

Systems and methods for enhancing the processing of hydrocarbons in a FCC unit by introduction of the coked FCC catalyst from the FCC reactor and a renewable feedstock to the FCC regenerator to facilitate regeneration of the coked FCC catalyst. The renewable feedstock can contain biomass-derived pyrolysis oil. The biomass-derived pyrolysis oil and coke from the coked FCC catalyst are oxidized by oxygen to provide a regenerated catalyst that is recycled to the FCC reactor.

Assemblies and methods to enhance hydrotreating and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes associated with a refining operation, during the processes, may include supplying a hydrocarbon feedstock to a cat feed hydrotreater (CFH) processing unit to produce CFH unit materials. The assemblies and methods also may include conditioning material samples, and analyzing the samples via one or more spectroscopic analyzers. The assemblies and methods further may include prescriptively controlling, via one or more FCC process controllers, based at least in part on the material properties, a FCC processing assembly, so that the prescriptively controlling results in causing the processes to produce CFH materials, intermediate materials, the unit materials, and/or the downstream materials having properties within selected ranges of target properties, thereby to cause the processes to achieve material outputs that more accurately and responsively converge on one or more of the target properties.

A composition of fuel gas that when mixed with spent catalyst and oxygen has an induction time that allows bubbles to break up while combusting in the regenerator. Bubble breakage in a dense bed avoids generation of a flame that can generate hot spots in the regenerator which can damage equipment and catalyst. The fuel gas can be obtained from paraffin dehydrogenation products, so it can sustain operation of the unit even in remote locations. Heavier streams can be mixed with lighter streams to obtain a fuel gas composition with a desirable induction time to avoid such hot spots. Mixing of a depropanizer bottom stream and/or deethanizer overhead stream with lighter gas streams such as cold box light gas or PSA tail gas can provide the desired fuel gas composition.

An optimization method and system for a whole process of molecular-level oil refinery processing and a storage medium are described. According to an embodiment, for mixed products obtained by prediction from simulation of a molecular-level crude oil processing process, when physical properties of any mixed product do not meet any preset standard, or when a target parameter of the mixed products does not meet a preset condition, the proportion of different fractions entering respective petroleum processing device, an operating parameter in a product prediction model, and a mixing rule for mixing predicted products are adjusted, and the mixed products are re-obtained, until the product properties meet any preset standard and the target parameter meets the preset condition. Final predicted products are predicted by adjusting the proportion of fractions for secondary processing, and the production efficiency is improved by means of the simulation optimization of a production process.

An addition system for introducing particulate material into an industrial process is disclosed. The addition system comprises a vessel for holding the particulate material, wherein the vessel has a top and a bottom; one or more weighing devices; a controller for controlling operation of the addition system; a base plate to support the vessel and optionally the controller; and three or more legs, each leg having an uppermost section that connects to the vessel and a foot that is connected to the base plate. The widest diameter of the vessel is less than the diameter of a circle drawn through the feet of the legs. The one or more weighing device are mounted on the base plate and support the legs of the vessel.

A start-up method for contacting a feed stream with fluidized catalyst is disclosed. The start-up method comprises reacting a feed stream over a catalyst to produce a gas stream and spent catalyst. The gas stream is separated from the spent catalyst. The separated gas stream is passed to a compressor. The operating condition associated with the compressor is measured. Based on the measured operating condition associated with the compressor, one or both of a supplemental hydrocarbon stream and a supplemental hydrogen gas stream is provided to the compressor to meet a predetermined operating condition associated with the compressor.

A method of predicting the tendency of a heavy oil feed to generate coke deposits in the FCC riser under a given set of operating parameters in the unit; thus, by utilizing operating parameters appropriate to the feed, the formation of coke deposits in the riser may be minimized. The margin between the theoretical dew point of the hydrocarbon feed established from unit operating parameters and the theoretical mix zone temperature in the feed injection zone of the unit is developed by applying a regression-derived linear model from multiple rigorous model runs. The mix zone of the unit is then operated at a temperature which reduces the level of riser coking predicted from this ascertainable margin or, at least, maintains it within levels which are predictable and acceptable.

This disclosure provides an apparatus and method for harnessing machine learning and data analytics for a real-time predictive model for a FCC pre-treatment unit. The method includes collecting operating parameters of a pre-treatment unit and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit; evaluating an independent variable of the operating parameters; and adjusting an input to the pre-treatment unit to control the independent variable within specifications in an output of the FCC unit.

A process for reducing pressure of a vapor stream used for reducing a temperature or pressure in a reactor. A pressure of a vapor stream is reduced with a turbine to provide a lower pressure vapor stream. The vapor stream rotates a turbine wheel within the turbine. The turbine wheel is configured to transmit rotational movement to an electrical generator. Thus, electricity is generated with the turbine. The lower pressure vapor stream is injected into a reactor and reduces a temperature in the reactor or reduces a partial pressure of a hydrocarbon vapor in the reactor.