A method and composition for isolating a paraffinic hydrocarbon layer from a sludge comprising a mixture of paraffinic hydrocarbons, water, and solids are provided. The method comprises providing a paraffinic hydrocarbon isolation composition comprising isopropylamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate, a surfactant, and a solvent; contacting the sludge with the paraffinic hydrocarbon isolation composition; and allowing the paraffinic hydrocarbon isolation composition to separate the sludge into a three phase separation comprising a paraffinic hydrocarbon layer, a water layer, and a layer of settled solids.

A method for upgrading fluid catalytic cracking gasoline includes the following steps: cutting fluid catalytic cracking gasoline into light, medium, and heavy gasoline fractions; subjecting the medium gasoline fraction to an aromatization/hydroisomerization reaction in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a desulfurized medium gasoline fraction; and blending the light gasoline fraction, the desulfurized medium gasoline fraction and the heavy gasoline fraction to obtain upgraded gasoline; where, a cutting temperature of the light and the medium gasoline fractions is 35-60 C., and a cutting temperature of the medium and the heavy gasoline fractions is 70-160 C. The method according to the present invention not only can realize deep desulfurization of fluid catalytic cracking gasoline, but also can improve octane number significantly.

A method for upgrading fluid catalytic cracking gasoline includes the following steps: cutting fluid catalytic cracking gasoline into light, medium, and heavy gasoline fractions; subjecting the medium gasoline fraction to an aromatization/hydroisomerization reaction in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a desulfurized medium gasoline fraction; and blending the light gasoline fraction, the desulfurized medium gasoline fraction and the heavy gasoline fraction to obtain upgraded gasoline; where, a cutting temperature of the light and the medium gasoline fractions is 35-60 C., and a cutting temperature of the medium and the heavy gasoline fractions is 70-160 C. The method according to the present invention not only can realize deep desulfurization of fluid catalytic cracking gasoline, but also can improve octane number significantly.

A method and system isolate paraffinic hydrocarbons. In an embodiment, a method includes providing cutter stock to a tank containing a sludge. The method also includes circulating the cutter stock and the sludge. The method further includes heating the cutter stock and the sludge. Moreover, the method includes providing water and a paraffinic hydrocarbon isolation composition to the tank. The method also includes determining if the sludge has separated into a three phase separation comprising a paraffinic hydrocarbon layer, a water layer, and a layer of settled solids.

Disclosed herein are scavenging compounds and compositions useful in applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas. Also disclosed herein are methods of using the compounds and compositions as scavengers, particularly in applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas.

A method and composition for isolating a paraffinic hydrocarbon layer from a sludge comprising a mixture of paraffinic hydrocarbons, water, and solids are provided. The method comprises providing a paraffinic hydrocarbon isolation composition comprising isopropylamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate, a surfactant, and a solvent; contacting the sludge with the paraffinic hydrocarbon isolation composition; and allowing the paraffinic hydrocarbon isolation composition to separate the sludge into a three phase separation comprising a paraffinic hydrocarbon layer, a water layer, and a layer of settled solids.

A method and composition for isolating a paraffinic hydrocarbon layer from a sludge comprising a mixture of paraffinic hydrocarbons, water, and solids are provided. The method comprises providing a paraffinic hydrocarbon isolation composition comprising isopropylamine dodecylbenzene sulfonate, a surfactant, and a solvent; contacting the sludge with the paraffinic hydrocarbon isolation composition; and allowing the paraffinic hydrocarbon isolation composition to separate the sludge into a three phase separation comprising a paraffinic hydrocarbon layer, a water layer, and a layer of settled solids.

The invention relates to the use of a composition comprising a) 3,3-methylenebis(5-methyl oxazolidine) and b) one or more additives selected from among (i) urea, urea derivatives, amino acids, guanidine and guanidine derivatives and (ii) 1,2-diols in the removal of sulphur compounds from process streams. The composition is preferably used in the removal of hydrogen sulphide from process streams.

Disclosed herein is a kiln 100 for use in the production of hydrocarbon fuels from plastics. The kiln 100 comprises a scrubber 200 in fluid communication with a reaction chamber 130, the scrubber 200 being configured to condense hydrocarbons in the reaction chamber gas product stream 501 above a predetermined upper hydrocarbon range for returning to the reaction chamber 130 for further heating in the absence of oxygen. Also disclosed herein is a method of converting waste plastics to a commercially-useful form by way of diesel or the like. The method comprises treating a crude fuel produced from plastics in a pyrolytic process with a first extraction step comprising counterflow liquid-liquid extraction, and a second extraction step comprising counterflow extraction of solvents from the first extraction step.

Embodiments provide a method and apparatus for upgrading a hydrocarbon feedstock. According to at least one embodiment, the method includes (a) supplying a hydrocarbon feedstock to an oxidation reactor, where the hydrocarbon feedstock is oxidized in the presence of a catalyst under conditions sufficient to selectively oxidize sulfur compounds present in the hydrocarbon feedstock; (b) separating the hydrocarbons and the oxidized sulfur compounds by solvent extraction; (c) collecting a residue stream that includes the oxidized sulfur compounds; (d) supplying the residue stream to a coker to produce coker gases and solid coke; and (e) supplying spent adsorbent including residual oils from the adsorption column to the coker for disposing the spent adsorbent after completion of an adsorption cycle.