A process to produce olefins including: (a) Providing a hydrocarbon stream containing at least 10 wt % of pyrolysis plastic oil; (b) Optionally contacting the effluent obtained in step a) with silica gel, clays, alkaline or alkaline earth metal oxide, iron oxide, ion exchange resins, active carbon, active aluminium oxide, molecular sieves, alkaline oxide and/or porous supports containing lamellar double hydroxide modified or not and silica gel, or any mixture thereof; (c) performing a selective hydrogenation step; (d) contacting the stream obtained in step c) with a cracking catalyst to crack the olefins and/or paraffins into olefins having 2 to 4 carbon atoms (e) separating from the effluents obtained at the step d) a first stream containing olefins and saturated hydrocarbons having at most 3 carbon atoms, and a second stream containing hydrocarbons having 4 or more carbon atoms and (f) recovering from said first stream the ethylene and propylene.

The invention relates a process for the catalytic hydrotreating of a feedstock of petroleum origin of diesel fuel type introduced into a stationary bed hydrotreating unit upstream of a feedstock of natural occurring oil(s) characterized in that the feedstock of natural occurring oil(s) contains acyl-containing compounds having 10 to 24 carbons including fatty acid esters and free fatty acids and said feedstock of natural occurring oil(s) is submitted to a refining by a hydrodynamic cavitation before its introduction into the stationary bed processing.

Oil soluble organic-inorganic fused slurry phase hydroprocessing catalysts for heavy oils and residues are prepared at supercritical conditions. The hydrodemetallization, hydrodesulfurization, asphaltene conversion and hydrocracking activities of a residue having high percentage of metals, sulfur and asphaltene have been tested in an autoclave batch reactor. The different organic compounds are used to modify the solid fused material (catalyst). The effect of the concentration of modifier on the hydroprocessing and hydrocracking reactions has also been investigated.

A process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from a biomass-containing feedstock and/or a biomass-derived feedstock is provided. The process comprises: a) contacting the feedstock with a hydropyrolysis catalyst composition and molecular hydrogen in a hydropyrolysis reactor vessel to produce a product stream comprising a deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, H.sub.2O, H.sub.2, CO.sub.2, CO, C.sub.1-C.sub.3 gases, char and catalyst fines; b) removing char and catalyst fines from said product stream; c) cooling the remaining product stream to a temperature of no more than 300 C.; and d) hydroconverting all or a portion of said deoxygenated hydrocarbon product in a hydroconversion reactor in the presence of one or more catalyst compositions suitable for the aromatic saturation of the deoxygenated hydrocarbon product and of the H.sub.2O, CO.sub.2, CO, H.sub.2, and C.sub.1-C.sub.3 gas generated in step a), to produce a product comprising C.sub.4+ hydrocarbon product, H.sub.2O, CO, CO.sub.2, and C.sub.1-C.sub.3 gases.

A process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from a biomass-containing feedstock and/or a biomass-derived feedstock is provided. The process comprises: a) contacting the feedstock with a hydropyrolysis catalyst composition and molecular hydrogen in a hydropyrolysis reactor vessel to produce a product stream comprising a deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, H.sub.2O, H.sub.2, CO.sub.2, CO, C.sub.1-C.sub.3 gases, char and catalyst fines; b) removing char and catalyst fines from said product stream; c) cooling the remaining product stream to a temperature of no more than 300 C.; and d) hydroconverting all or a portion of said deoxygenated hydrocarbon product in a hydroconversion reactor in the presence of one or more catalyst compositions suitable for the aromatic saturation of the deoxygenated hydrocarbon product and of the H.sub.2O, CO.sub.2, CO, H.sub.2, and C.sub.1-C.sub.3 gas generated in step a), to produce a product comprising C.sub.4+ hydrocarbon product, H.sub.2O, CO, CO.sub.2, and C.sub.1-C.sub.3 gases.

A process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from a biomass-containing feedstock and/or a biomass-derived feedstock is provided. The process comprises: a) contacting the feedstock with a hydropyrolysis catalyst composition and molecular hydrogen in a hydropyrolysis reactor vessel to produce a product stream comprising a partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, H.sub.2O, H.sub.2, CO.sub.2, CO, C.sub.1-C.sub.3 gases, char and catalyst fines; b) removing char and catalyst fines from said product stream; c) cooling the remaining product stream to a temperature in the range of from 150 to 400 C.; and d) hydroconverting said partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product in a hydroconversion reactor in the presence of one or more catalyst compositions suitable for hydrodeoxygenation and aromatic saturation of the partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product in the presence of H.sub.2O, CO.sub.2, CO, H.sub.2, and C.sub.1-C.sub.3 gas generated in step a), to produce a vapour phase product comprising a C.sub.4+ hydrocarbon product.

A process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from a biomass-containing feedstock and/or a biomass-derived feedstock is provided. The process comprises: a) contacting the feedstock with a hydropyrolysis catalyst composition and molecular hydrogen in a hydropyrolysis reactor vessel to produce a product stream comprising a partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, H.sub.2O, H.sub.2, CO.sub.2, CO, C.sub.1-C.sub.3 gases, char and catalyst fines; b) removing char and catalyst fines from said product stream; c) cooling the remaining product stream to a temperature in the range of from 150 to 400 C.; and d) hydroconverting said partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product in a hydroconversion reactor in the presence of one or more catalyst compositions suitable for hydrodeoxygenation and aromatic saturation of the partially deoxygenated hydrocarbon product in the presence of H.sub.2O, CO.sub.2, CO, H.sub.2, and C.sub.1-C.sub.3 gas generated in step a), to produce a vapour phase product comprising a C.sub.4+ hydrocarbon product.

Methods are provided for forming noble metal catalysts comprising both platinum and a second Group VIII metal, such as palladium, with improved aromatic saturation activity. Instead of impregnating a catalyst with both platinum and another Group VIII metal at the same time, a sequential impregnation can be used, with the Group VIII metal being impregnated prior to platinum. It has been discovered that by forming a Group VIII metal-impregnated catalyst first, and then impregnating with platinum, the distribution of platinum throughout the catalyst can be improved. The improved distribution of platinum can result in a catalyst with enhanced aromatic saturation activity relative to a catalyst with a similar composition formed by simultaneous impregnation.

Methods are provided for forming noble metal catalysts comprising both platinum and a second Group VIII metal, such as palladium, with improved aromatic saturation activity. Instead of impregnating a catalyst with both platinum and another Group VIII metal at the same time, a sequential impregnation can be used, with the Group VIII metal being impregnated prior to platinum. It has been discovered that by forming a Group VIII metal-impregnated catalyst first, and then impregnating with platinum, the distribution of platinum throughout the catalyst can be improved. The improved distribution of platinum can result in a catalyst with enhanced aromatic saturation activity relative to a catalyst with a similar composition formed by simultaneous impregnation.

A desulfurization catalyst includes at least: 1) a sulfur-storing metal oxide, 2) an inorganic binder, 3) a wear-resistant component, and 4) an active metal component. The sulfur-storing metal is one or more of a metal of Group IIB of the periodic table, a metal of Group VB of the periodic table, and a metal of Group VIB of the periodic table, e.g., zinc. The desulfurization catalyst has a good stability and a high desulfurization activity.