Electric-powered, closed-loop, continuous-feed, endothermic energy-conversion systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a shaftless auger. In another embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a drag conveyor. In yet another embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a distillation and/or fractionating stage. The endothermic energy-conversion systems and methods feature mechanisms for natural resource recovery, refining, and recycling, such as secondary recovery of metals, minerals, nutrients, and/or carbon char.

A method for combined production of renewable paraffinic products is disclosed, wherein the method includes providing a renewable paraffinic feed, and fractionating the renewable paraffinic feed into two fractions. Within the two fractions, a lighter fraction fulfils a specification for an aviation fuel component, and a heavier fraction fulfils a specification for an electrotechnical fluid component.

A process for preparing olefins, especially ethylene, butylene and propylene, includes contacting a renewable naphtha having a hexane and heptane content of from 70% to 80% with a heterogeneous cracking catalyst comprising a matrix component and a molecular sieve having a framework of silica, alumina and a metal selected from Zn, Fe, Ce, La, Y, Ga and/or Zr.

An integrated production plant system includes, at one production site at least two plants of different kinds selected from a renewable paraffinic fuel plant to produce renewable paraffinic fuel in a renewable paraffinic fuel process, a renewable fatty acid alkyl ester (FAAE) fuel plant to produce renewable FAAE fuel in a renewable FAAE process, a renewable base oil plant to produce renewable base oil in a renewable base oil process, and a renewable chemical plant to produce renewable chemical in a renewable chemical process. Each of the processes is provided with a respective renewable feed, where the feed of each of the processes originates from a common renewable system feed, and the feed to at least one of the processes is altered for example by directing at least part of the feed of at least one of the processes to another of the processes.

This application relates to renewable diesel production and to production of renewable naphtha in a renewable diesel unit. Disclosed herein is an example of a method of renewable diesel production. Examples embodiments of the method may include hydrotreating the biofeedstock by reaction with hydrogen to form a hydrotreated biofeedstock; contacting at least a portion of the hydrotreated biofeedstock with a dewaxing catalyst to produce a renewable diesel product and a renewable naphtha product; separating the renewable diesel product and the renewable naphtha product in a product splitter; and monitoring an octane number of the renewable naphtha product with an analyzer.

Systems and methods are provided for hydroprocessing of bio-derived feeds, such as bio-oils and/or other types of feeds including triglycerides, fatty acids, and/or fatty acid derivatives. The systems and methods can assist with maintaining a desired temperature profile within a reactor while performing hydroprocessing on a feed with substantial oxygen content. In various aspects, the initial bed of the reactor can be exposed to 30 vol % or less of the total fresh feed. The remaining portions of the fresh feed can be introduced below one or more of the catalyst beds in the reactor. By reducing or minimizing the amount of fresh feed introduced upstream from the initial catalyst bed that contains a catalyst with hydrodeoxygenation activity, the net amount of product recycle can be reduced or minimized while still maintaining a target temperature profile across individual catalyst beds and/or across the reactor.

The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of diesel range hydrocarbons wherein a feed is hydrotreated in a hydrotreating step and isomerised in an isomerisation step, and a feed comprising fresh feed containing more than 5 wt % of free fatty acids and at least one diluting agent is hydrotreated at a reaction temperature of 200-400° C., in a hydrotreating reactor in the presence of catalyst, and the ratio of the diluting agent/fresh feed is 5-30:1.

A biofuel includes a mixture of a gasoil generated from hydropyrolysis and hydroconversion of a solid biomass containing lignocellulose. The gasoil has a cetane index less than 46. The biofuel also includes a hydroprocessed ester fatty acid (HEFA) generated from hydrotreating a renewable resource having fats and oils. A cetane index of the biofuel is greater than 46.

Electric-powered, closed-loop, continuous-feed, endothermic energy-conversion systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a shaftless auger. In another embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a drag conveyor. In yet another embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a distillation and/or fractionating stage. The endothermic energy-conversion systems and methods feature mechanisms for natural resource recovery, refining, and recycling, such as secondary recovery of metals, minerals, nutrients, and/or carbon char.

Disclosed is a hydrocarbon composition containing isomerised paraffins having specific cut-off points in a distillation curve, a density from 768.0 to 772.0 and an average carbon number of 14.3 to 15.1. The hydrocarbon composition can be used as a fuel or fuel component, especially a jet fuel. Disclosed is also a method to produce a hydrocarbon composition. The isomerised paraffins in the hydrocarbon composition can be from a renewable source.