This invention relates a wax inhibitor for hydrocarbon oils comprising an esterified copolymer having repeating structural units derived from an esterified ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and α-olefins having at least 18 carbon atoms, whereof at least 3 mol-% of the α-olefins have 30 or more carbon atoms, and wherein the ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid has been esterified with a mixture of alcohols comprising i) 70 to 97 mol-% of a saturated fatty alcohol having 18 to 24 carbon atoms and ii) 3 to 30 mol-% of an unsaturated alcohol having 16 to 24 carbon atoms.

A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil, the process involving: mixing a quantity of the Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a feedstock mixture; contacting the feedstock mixture with one or more catalysts to form a Process Mixture from the feedstock mixture; separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbon components of the Process Mixture and, discharging the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil is compliant with ISO 8217 for residual marine fuel oils and has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 % wt. to 0.5 % wt.. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil can be used as or as a blending stock for an ISO 8217 compliant, IMO MARPOL Annex VI (revised) compliant low sulfur or ultralow sulfur heavy marine fuel oil. A device for conducting the process is also disclosed.

A method for preparing a high-quality fuel oil and/or chemical raw material from a biomass pyrolysis liquid. In the method, a biomass pyrolysis liquid undergoes a hydrodeoxygenation reaction in a catalyst full mixing flow circulation system in a fluidized bed reactor to obtain deoxygenated oil, and the obtained deoxygenated oil undergoes a hydrocracking reaction in a fixed bed reactor to obtain high-quality fuel oil and/or a chemical raw material. The method may prevent the condensation and coking of a biomass pyrolysis liquid, solve the problem of rapid catalyst deactivation, and may convert a biomass pyrolysis liquid into a high-quality fuel oil that may be directly used by vehicles and into a chemical product.

Hydroprocessed residual fuel and/or fuel blending components are provided that have a sulfur and nitrogen level comparable to liquefied natural gas (LNG). Because of the low starting level of sulfur and/or nitrogen, the severity of the hydroprocessing that is needed for the crude oil or bottoms fraction in order to remove sulfur to a level that is comparable to LNG is reduced or minimized. This can allow the resulting marine residual fuels to have low carbon intensity, low SOx and NOx emission and high energy density. Since the hydroprocessed fractions correspond to a fuel oil product, the resulting marine fuel can be used in existing fleets, and can be distributed in existing bunkering systems.

Kerosene boiling range or jet fuel boiling range compositions are provided that are formed from crude oils with unexpected combinations of high naphthenes to aromatics weight and/or volume ratio and a low sulfur content. The resulting kerosene boiling range fractions can have an unexpected combination of a high naphthenes to aromatics weight ratio, a low but substantial aromatics content, and a low sulfur content. Such fractions can potentially be used as fuel after a reduced or minimized amount of additional refinery processing. By reducing, minimizing, or avoiding the amount of refinery processing needed to meet fuel and/or fuel blending product specifications, the fractions derived from the high naphthenes to aromatics ratio and low sulfur crudes can provide fuels and/or fuel blending products having a reduced or minimized carbon intensity.

A process is disclosed for producing renewable products, such as a renewable base oil, from a feedstock of biological origin. The process includes subjecting a feedstock containing free fatty acids and fatty acid glycerides, wherein at least one hydrocarbon chain is unsaturated, to esterification reaction in the presence of an alcohol. An ester stream thereby obtained is then subjected to metathesis conditions in the presence of a renewable alkene to obtain a metathesis product. Separation of the metathesis product includes recovery of a fraction containing or consisting essentially of C16 fatty acid esters, which is subjected to ketonisation reaction conditions to produce long chain ketones, which after hydrotreatment meet requirements for a renewable base oil. Ketonisation reaction produces renewable alkene usable in metathesis reaction.

The present disclosure relates to a catalyst system and a method for its preparation. The catalyst system of the present disclosure comprises a support, a promoter component impregnated in the support, and an active metal component comprising nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum impregnated in the support. In the active metal component the molar mass of molybdenum is greater than the combined molar mass of cobalt and nickel. The catalyst system of the present disclosure is used for upgrading crude bio oil.

The invention provides environmentally-friendly compositions and methods for reducing the viscosity of crude oil using microorganisms and/or biosurfactants produced by microorganisms.

Provided are a method of producing a lubricating base oil composition including a) reacting at least a part of waste plastic pyrolysis oil having a boiling point in a range higher than 340° C. to remove impurities and structurally isomerizing the oil; and b) hydroisomerizing at least a part of the product of step a), and a lubricating base oil composition produced therefrom. A lubricating base oil, which has more methyl branches than petroleum-based lubricating base oil, to have improved low-temperature properties may be provided.

Provided are a method of producing a Lube base oil composition including a) reacting at least a part of waste plastic pyrolysis oil having a boiling point in a range of 180 to 340° C. to remove impurities and oligomerize the oil; and b) hydroisomerizing at least a part of the product of step a). A lube base oil composition is also produced therefrom.