A gasifier may include a chamber wall defining a gasification chamber configured to allow gasification of feedstock material. The gasifier may also include an ash grate disposed in the gasification chamber. The gasifier may further include a rotary crusher disposed in the gasification chamber above the ash grate. The rotary crusher may include at least one crushing element. The rotary crusher may be configured to break apart, between the at least one crushing element and an opposing surface, the feedstock material responsive to rotation of the rotary crusher.

A system for gasification of a carbonaceous material and recycling char or solids from a gasifier is disclosed. The recycling system may include a standpipe that receives a solids stream from a separator, the standpipe generating a pressure differential across a bed of accumulated char, thereby producing a bottoms stream having a greater pressure than the inlet solids stream. The recycling system may also include a holding vessel that receives the bottoms stream and a fluidized-bed distribution vessel that receives char from the holding vessel and is configured to provide a continuous and precise flow of recycled char to the gasification reactor.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a furnace wall in which a throat section with a smaller channel diameter than other regions can be formed using all peripheral wall tubes. Provided is a furnace wall comprising: a plurality of peripheral wall tubes (142), which are disposed so as to form a cylindrical shape when aligned in one direction and through the interior of which cooling water flows; and fins (140) that connect neighboring peripheral wall tubes (142) in an airtight manner. In a throat section in which the diameter of a horizontal cross-section of the cylindrical shape is reduced in comparison to other regions, the peripheral wall tubes (142) are disposed so as to be in mutual contact and the fins (140) are disposed on the inner circumferential sides of the cylindrical shapes.

A system is disclosed provided with: a slag bath that retains slag cooling water and receives slag; a slag cooling water feed line and a slag pump outlet via which the slag and the slag cooling water are pumped and fed to a slag separation device; a circulation pump that forms a water flow for pumping out the slag; a slag cooling water circulation line linking from the slag separation device to the slag bath; a reverse flow line that causes the slag cooling water dispensed from the circulation pump to flow in reverse in the slag cooling water feed line; a selective supply unit capable of selectively supplying the slag cooling water dispensed from the circulation pump to the slag cooling water circulation line and the reverse flow line; and a water supply line, one end of which is connected to the slag cooling water feed line.

A system is disclosed provided with: a slag bath that retains slag cooling water and receives slag; a slag cooling water feed line and a slag pump outlet via which the slag and the slag cooling water are pumped and fed to a slag separation device; a circulation pump that forms a water flow for pumping out the slag; a slag cooling water circulation line linking from the slag separation device to the slag bath; a reverse flow line that causes the slag cooling water dispensed from the circulation pump to flow in reverse in the slag cooling water feed line; a selective supply unit capable of selectively supplying the slag cooling water dispensed from the circulation pump to the slag cooling water circulation line and the reverse flow line; and a water supply line, one end of which is connected to the slag cooling water feed line.

A process for producing black powder oxygen carriers for use in a chemical looping combustion unit includes the steps of: (a) removing and collecting the black powder waste material that was formed in a gas pipeline; (b) pre-treating the collected black powder to adjust its spherical shape to avoid attrition and fines production; and (c) activating the black powder to increase its reactivity rate and produce the black powder oxygen carrier that is suitable for use in the chemical looping combustion process as an oxygen carrier.

A carbon-containing material gasification system includes: a gasifier that includes a combustion stage and a gasification stage, and generates generated gas; char providing means that separates char from the generated gas, and provides the combustion stage with the char, the combustion stage including carbon-containing material combustion means and char combustion means; and distributing ratio setting means that sets, according to a ratio of distributing material defined in Expression [1], a ratio of distributing oxidizing agent defined in Expression [2] to be smaller as the ratio of distributing material increases.

(ratio of distributing material)=(providing amount of the carbon-containing material for gasification stage)/(total providing amount of the carbon-containing material to gasifier)[1]

(ratio of distributing oxidizing agent)=(providing amount of the oxidizing agent to oxidize carbon-containing material for the combustion stage)/(total providing amount of the oxidizing agent to the combustion stage)[2]

There are provided a cyclone body (50) into which a pressurized mixed fluid of slag and water is guided to centrifuge the slag from the water, and a pressure container (51) for housing the cyclone body (50), the cyclone body (50) being provided in its vertically lower portion with an opening (50d) that opens in the pressure container (51). The cyclone body (50) is provided in its inner peripheral surface with an abrasion-resistant material (56). The pressure container (51) includes a slag receiver (51d) below the opening (50d) of the cyclone body (50) to temporarily store slag.

There are provided a cyclone body (50) into which a pressurized mixed fluid of slag and water is guided to centrifuge the slag from the water, and a pressure container (51) for housing the cyclone body (50), the cyclone body (50) being provided in its vertically lower portion with an opening (50d) that opens in the pressure container (51). The cyclone body (50) is provided in its inner peripheral surface with an abrasion-resistant material (56). The pressure container (51) includes a slag receiver (51d) below the opening (50d) of the cyclone body (50) to temporarily store slag.

A slag crusher includes a screen provided so as to intersect a falling direction of a slag and having openings; at least two spreaders disposed opposite from one another on the screen; and a spreader moving unit configured to support the spreaders and move the spreaders in a direction vertical to the opposing faces of the spreaders. Each spreader includes projections and a lower projection so as to face the other spreader. In a state in which the lower projection is closest to the other spreader, the lower projection does not come into surface contact with the opposed lower projection, and a distance between the opposing lower projections is smaller than an opening dimension of the openings of the screen across a width direction of the spreaders.