A furnace monitoring device for monitoring the inside of a gasifier through which a combustible gas flows is provided with: a nozzle that has an internal cavity, and that is inserted inside the gasifier and fixed to the gasifier; a cylindrical protection tube which is inserted into the nozzle, and a part of which, located on the inside of the gasifier is, blocked; a monitoring window which is provided on the protection tube on the inside of the gasifier, and is made of a material that transmits light; a purge mechanism which supplies a gas containing an oxidizer to a surface of the monitoring window facing the inside of the gasifier; and an image capturing means which captures an image of the inside of the gasifier through the monitoring window.

This invention relates to a power recovery process in waste steam/CO.sub.2 reformers in which a waste stream can be made to release energy without having to burn the waste or the syngas. This invention in some embodiments does not make use of fuel cells as a component but makes use of exothermic chemical reactors using syngas to produce heat, such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. It also relates to control or elimination of the emissions of greenhouse gases in the power recovery process of this invention with the goal of producing energy in the future carbonless world economy.

A process for the generation of energy and/or hydrocarbons and other products utilizing carbonaceous materials. In a first process stage (P1) the carbonaceous materials are supplied and are pyrolysed, wherein pyrolysis coke (M21) and pyrolysis gas (M22) are formed. In a second process stage (P2), the pyrolysis coke (M21) from the first process stage (P1) is gasified, wherein synthesis gas (M24) is formed, and slag and other residues (M91, M92, M93, M94) are removed. In a third process stage (P3), the synthesis gas (M24) from the second process stage (P2) is converted into hydrocarbons and/or other solid, liquid, and/or gaseous products (M60), which are discharged. The three process stages (P1, P2, P3) form a closed cycle. Surplus gas (M25) from the third process stage (P3) is passed as recycle gas into the first process stage (P1), and/or the second process stage (P2), and pyrolysis gas (M22) from the first process stage (P1) is passed into the second process stage (P2), and/or the third process stage (P3).

The invention is directed to a process for a combined biomass and plastic product conversion by subjecting a moulded product comprising of between 1 and 20 wt % of a plastic product and between 99 and 80 wt % of a torrefied biomass to a pyrolysis or mild gasification thereby obtaining a gaseous fraction comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a mixture of gaseous organic compounds and a char product.

A process for the manufacture of a useful product from carbonaceous feedstock of fluctuating compositional characteristics, the process comprising the steps of: continuously providing the carbonaceous feedstock of fluctuating compositional characteristics to a gasification zone; gasifying the carbonaceous feedstock in the gasification zone to obtain raw synthesis gas; sequentially removing ammoniacal, sulphurous and carbon dioxide impurities from the raw synthesis gas to form desulphurised gas and recovering carbon dioxide in substantially pure form; converting at least a portion of the desulphurised synthesis gas to a useful product. Despite having selected a more energy intensive sub-process i.e. physical absorption for removal of acid gas impurities, the overall power requirement of the facility is lower on account of lower steam requirements and thereby leading to a decrease in the carbon intensity score for the facility.

A polygeneration method of biomass downflow circulation bed millisecond pyrolysis liquefaction-gasification coupling is provided.

The invention pertains to a system for extracting hydrogen from an organic feedstock, comprising: a thermolyzer supplied with the organic feedstock and adapted to heat it up the feedstock to a temperature of at least 800? C. while conveying it inside a gasification chamber by an auger and to collect a thermogas, a duct line to convey the thermogas to a high temperature reformer exposing it to a temperature comprised between 1200? C. and 1,400? C. and releasing a high temperature reformed gas, a duct line conveying the high temperature reformed gas to a heat chamber of the thermolyzer, the heat chamber comprising a chamber outlet to release the reformed gas after circulation in the heat chamber, a duct line conveying the reformed gas from the chamber outlet to an installation adapted to separate hydrogen from the reformed gas, and a hydrogen storage for the hydrogen produced by the installation.

A process for the generation of energy and/or hydrocarbons and other products utilizing carbonaceous materials. In a first process stage (P1) the carbonaceous materials are supplied and are pyrolysed, wherein pyrolysis coke (M21) and pyrolysis gas (M22) are formed. In a second process stage (P2), the pyrolysis coke (M21) from the first process stage (P1) is gasified, wherein synthesis gas (M24) is formed, and slag and other residues (M91, M92, M93, M94) are removed. In a third process stage (P3), the synthesis gas (M24) from the second process stage (P2) is converted into hydrocarbons and/or other solid, liquid, and/or gaseous products (M60), which are discharged. The three process stages (P1, P2, P3) form a closed cycle. Surplus gas (M25) from the third process stage (P3) is passed as recycle gas into the first process stage (P1), and/or the second process stage (P2), and pyrolysis gas (M22) from the first process stage (P1) is passed into the second process stage (P2), and/or the third process stage (P3).

Provided is an integrated coal gasification combined cycle equipped with: a gasifier that generates combustible gas from pulverized coal; a gas cooler; gas turbine equipment; an auxiliary fuel supply unit that supplies an auxiliary fuel to the gas turbine equipment; a heat recovery steam generator; steam turbine equipment; generators; and a circulation line unit that circulates cooling water. The heat recovery steam generator has a first medium-pressure coal economizer and a second medium-pressure coal economizer. When the combustible gas generated from the pulverized coal is burned, a serial heat exchange line is formed wherein cooling water passes through the first medium-pressure coal economizer, the second medium-pressure coal economizer, and the gas cooler. When the auxiliary fuel is burned, separate heat exchange lines are formed, wherein the cooling water separately passes through the first medium-pressure coal economizer and the second medium-pressure coal economizer.

The invention relates to a direct-fired heating method and to a facility for implementing same, According to said method, a load is heated in a furnace with heat generated by burning fuel with an oxidant; the smoke generated is evacuated from the furnace, the evacuated smoke containing residual heat energy; residual heat energy is recovered from the evacuated smoke and introduced into a synthesis reactor wherein syngas is produced; and at least part of the syngas is burned in the furnace in order to heat the load.