A gas purification device includes: a converter packed with a catalyst for hydrolyzing both carbonyl sulfide and hydrogen cyanide; an upstream heat exchanger for heat exchange between a gas to be introduced into the converter and a cooling fluid for cooling the gas; a reaction-temperature estimation member for estimating a reaction temperature inside the converter; and a flow-rate adjustment member for adjusting a flow rate of the cooling fluid flowing into the upstream heat exchanger based on an estimated value of the reaction-temperature estimation member to control the reaction temperature.

A gas purification device removes a part of ammonia contained in a first gas; recovers a first off-gas containing the removed ammonia, removes hydrogen sulfide and ammonia from a second gas produced by removing the part of ammonia, recovers a second off-gas containing the removed hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, and combusts the first off-gas and the second off-gas. The gas purification device includes: a first combustion chamber in which combustion is performed in a reducing atmosphere; a second combustion chamber in which combustion is performed in a reducing atmosphere downstream of the first combustion chamber; and a third combustion chamber in which combustion is performed in an oxidizing atmosphere downstream of the second combustion chamber. The first off-gas flows into the first combustion chamber and the second off-gas flows into the third combustion chamber.

The present invention relates to a process for the purification of raw syngas comprising the steps of (a) contacting the raw syngas with water to remove soot, resulting in a soot-rich waste water and a soot-lean syngas; (b) cooling the soot-lean syngas resulting from step (a) to a temperature in the range of from (20) to (50) C.; and (c) contacting the cooled soot-lean syngas resulting from step (b) with water to remove HCN and NH3 resulting in clean syngas and HCN/NH3-rich waste water, wherein: (i) in step (a) the raw syngas is cooled below its dew point by its contact with water; (ii) the HCN/NH3-rich waste water resulting from step (c) is passed through at least one stripping column resulting in a clean water stream and a waste stream; and (iii) at least 50% (v/v) part of the clean water stream is recycled to step (c).

The invention relates to a process for regenerating a laden scrubbing medium from a gas scrubbing for purifying raw synthesis gas in which the laden scrubbing medium is at least partially freed of bound gas constituents in a regeneration stage to obtain a regenerated scrubbing medium. According to the invention it is provided that after withdrawal from the regeneration stage the regenerated scrubbing medium is supplied to an intermediate vessel and the regenerated scrubbing medium is withdrawn from the intermediate vessel and supplied to an absorption apparatus for purifying raw synthesis gas. The invention further relates to an apparatus for performing the process according to the invention comprising a regeneration apparatus in which bound gas constituents are removable from a laden scrubbing medium, wherein according to the invention it is provided that the apparatus comprises an intermediate vessel into which a regenerated scrubbing medium producible in the regeneration apparatus is transferable and in which the regenerated scrubbing medium is storable.

The invention relates to a gas scrubbing process for purifying crude synthesis gas with methanol as a physical absorption medium, wherein an acid gas comprising at least hydrogen sulfide (H.sub.2S) is produced. The acid gas is produced in a hot regenerator arranged downstream of an absorption apparatus and subsequently separated from gaseous methanol in an acid gas separator by cooling and condensation. The acid gas separator has a condensation region and an absorption region, wherein both regions are separated from one another by a gas-permeable tray. This has the result that impurities such as hydrogen cyanide and/or ammonia outgassing from a first acid gas substream are not reabsorbed in the condensation region of the acid gas separator, thus avoiding an accumulation of impurities in the hot regenerator or other parts of the gas scrubbing plant. The invention further relates to an acid gas separator and to the use of the acid gas separator according to the invention in a process according to the invention.

A raw syngas coming from HT gasification of organic wastes, once cooled in a proper heat recovery boiler or in a quencher is treated in a scrubbing section where, by adding an acidic solution followed by alkaline solution and by a WESP, particulate and chlorine compounds are removed and the syngas is ready for conversion, after its compression. In the conversion step CO is converted into C02 and H2 by adding steam; H2S is reduced to sulphur in a solid form, C02 is removed via cryogenic unit or an amine unit and pure H2 is produced.

A gas clean-up unit includes a first conversion unit configured to perform a first conversion process of converting hydrogen cyanide contained in gas to be treated to ammonia, in presence of a first catalyst and at a first predetermined temperature; a second conversion unit configured to perform a second conversion process of converting carbonyl sulfide in the gas that has been subjected to the first conversion process to hydrogen sulfide, in presence of a second catalyst and at a second predetermined temperature lower than the first predetermined temperature; a cleaning unit configured to perform a cleaning process of bringing the gas into gas-liquid contact with cleaning liquid to remove the ammonia by cleaning; and a desulfurization unit configured to absorb and remove hydrogen sulfide in the gas by bringing the gas that has been subjected to the cleaning process into gas-liquid contact with absorbent.

The invention relates to an apparatus for purifying raw syngas which comprises a vertically oriented vessel comprising (a) a bottom section comprising an inlet for the raw syngas, an outlet for contaminants-rich water located below the inlet for raw syngas, a bed of a packing material located above the inlet for raw syngas and at least one inlet for water located above the bed of packing material and below the middle section; (b) a middle section located directly above the bottom section and fluidly connected with such bottom section comprising a number of separation trays corresponding with a number of theoretical stages in the range of from 8 to 20 and at least one inlet for water located above the separation trays; and (c) a top section located directly above the middle section and fluidly connected with such middle section comprising de-entrainment means, at least one inlet for water located above the de-entrainment means and an outlet for the purified syngas located above the inlet for water. The invention also relates to a process for purifying syngas using the apparatus described above.

A gas clean-up unit includes a first conversion unit configured to perform a first conversion process of converting hydrogen cyanide contained in gas to be treated to ammonia, in presence of a first catalyst and at a first predetermined temperature; a second conversion unit configured to perform a second conversion process of converting carbonyl sulfide in the gas that has been subjected to the first conversion process to hydrogen sulfide, in presence of a second catalyst and at a second predetermined temperature lower than the first predetermined temperature; a cleaning unit configured to perform a cleaning process of bringing the gas into gas-liquid contact with cleaning liquid to remove the ammonia by cleaning; and a desulfurization unit configured to absorb and remove hydrogen sulfide in the gas by bringing the gas that has been subjected to the cleaning process into gas-liquid contact with absorbent.

A catalytically active filter for use in hot gas filtration to simultaneously remove solid particles and one or more undesirable compounds from a hot gas stream is partly or fully impregnated with a suitable catalyst. The compounds are selected from HCN, arsenic, organic sulfur compounds and carbonyls. The filter is prepared by making an impregnation liquid, which comprises a catalytically effective amount of at least one active metal and an oxide support, impregnating the filter substrate with the impregnation liquid by dipping it in the liquid or spraying it with the liquid to control the amount of liquid and drying and optionally calcining the impregnated filter.