Multiple environmental, economic, and ecological issues are linked to a limited number of chemicals such as carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, methanol, formaldehyde and ethylene or disposal of some waste products from farming, transportation, and the beverage industry. Accordingly, the reduction of the impacts of these limited number of gases on the environment and/or ecology is beneficial. Accordingly, there are presented a range of application of methods, systems, and treatments which mitigate these impacts.

The present invention relates to an additized blended fuel composition comprising of 97 to 50 weight % of liquified petroleum gas (LPG); 3 to 50 weight % of dimethyl ether (DME); and a nanocatalyst. More particularly, the present invention relates to an improvement in the combustion efficiency of the DME blended LPG fuel by using catalytic amount of the nano-catalyst, when introduced in ppm level enhances the combustion properties, thereby increasing the flame temperature and reducing the consumption of fuel gas mixture.

A filter and a poly-oxygenated aluminum hydroxide material comprising a clathrate containing oxygen gas molecules. The poly-oxygenated aluminum hydroxide material removes NOx from an effluent gas, such as gas emitted from an internal combustion engine. The NOx is held in stasis over a range of temperatures, and may be collected.

A mixed low-carbon alcohol ignition agent in a gel paste or a thin cake, and a cylindrical fire-leading coal and a cylindrical coal placed underneath having a high volatile content and honeycomb-like vent holes which are made from solid fuels such as bitumite, lignite, biomass fuels, polyolefin and waste plastics as well as nontoxic excipients, are vertically combined into a coal pile to be combusted in a furnace core, and the number of the pile may be increased. A firing slip of paper is thrown in to ignite the ignition agent from the top, a long-flame combustion is generated soon, and the fire-leading coal catches fire. A high-temperature zone ranging from 400 C. to 800 C. may be rapidly formed in a simple large combustion chamber between the top of the coal pile and the fire-gathering plate. The radiant heat plus the conductive heat is greater than the convective heat, and the red hot coal layer on the surface of the fire-leading coal will gradually move down at a rapid speed, which causes the coal placed underneath to catch fire. The three major components of the coal pile are elaborately formulated and prepared. The material of the furnace core must fit the coal pile. The high-temperature zone is in the upper portion and the low-temperature zone is in the lower portion, which produces an orderly, long-flame, complete combustion and a static combustion without an air blast, thus realizing a combustion with zero smog throughout the whole process starting from the moment of ignition. In addition, the sulfur-fixing rate is high, the cleanliness of the exhaust gas is close to that of natural gas, the exhaust gas may be discharged directly, the heat-generating efficiency is high, the cost is low, the slag is used as a fertilizer, and it is suitable for various small- and micro-sized stoves for heating and warming.

The disclosure relates to fuel additive compositions including heavy paraffinic distillates and lighter petroleum distillates, in particular with the heavy paraffinic distillates including a mixture of hydrotreated and/or saturated components and solvent-dewaxed and/or branched components. The disclosure further relates to fuel compositions including the fuel additive composition and a liquid or solid combustible fuel. Related methods include methods of making the fuel compositions and methods of burning the fuel compositions. The resulting fuel compositions have several improved combustion properties such as improved combustion efficiency, improved combustion energy/calorie content, reduced sulfur generation, and reduced ash generation.

The present invention relates to use of Perovskite type of materials as combustion improver in gaseous and liquid fuels. Structurally, the Perovskite material consists of ABO.sub.3, A.sub.xB.sub.1-xC.sub.yO.sub.3 or A.sub.xB.sub.1-xC.sub.yO.sub.3 kind of material with stoichiometric deficiency and oxygen deficient sites. More particularly, the present invention relates to the nanosized perovskite materials stably dispersed in hydrocarbon medium and compatible to the fuel has been used to improve the combustion process and generate more heat output.

The present invention provides kits and compositions for e.g., hypergolic ignition of rocket propellant. The disclosed kits and the compositions comprise inter alia a fuel, a gelling agent, and an ignition agent; wherein the ignition agent is stably dissolved within the fuel.

The present invention provides a desulfurization agent mixing system for fuel oil used in harbors, the system including: a fuel oil tank for storing fuel oil; a desulfurization agent tank for storing a desulfurization agent; a line mixer receiving and mixing the fuel oil and the desulfurization agent from the fuel oil tank and the desulfurization agent tank; a droplet atomization unit for forming droplets of a mixture of the fuel oil and the desulfurization agent, the mixture being generated by the line mixer; a magnetization unit for magnetizing the mixture in which the droplets are contained; a vortex reaction unit for turning the mixture of the fuel oil and the desulfurization agent, which is magnetized by the magnetization unit; a gas separation unit configured to separate gas contained in the fuel oil and the desulfurization agent mixture in the vortex reaction unit; a collision emulsion unit configured to cause the mixture of the fuel oil and the desulfurization agent from which the gas is separated by the gas separation unit to collide against a collision target; and an emulsion tank for storing the mixture of the fuel oil and the desulfurization agent, which is collided by the collision emulsion unit.

A diesel fuel additive includes a cetane number improver and an at least one organometallic combustion catalyst in solution and/or at least one metal-oxide combustion catalyst in suspension.

A composition including poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide material that comprises a clathrate containing oxygen gas (O.sub.2) molecules and a fuel. The poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide material, such as OX66 material, is added to a fuel, such as, but not limited to, fuels such as petrol, alcohol and diesel, which are combustible in engines to create significantly increased horsepower and torque. The OX66 material is added to fuel in different ratios to generate improved performance. The different ratios are based on several factors including the type and design of the engine, the type of fuel, and environmental parameters.