The use of tetrahydrobenzoxazines I ##STR00001##
where R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbyl radical and R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently hydrogen atoms, hydroxyl groups or hydrocarbyl radicals, and where R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 may also form a second and a third tetrahydrooxazine ring, with the proviso that at least one of the substituents has from 4 to 3000 carbon atoms and the remaining substituents, when they are hydrocarbyl radicals, each have from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, as stabilizers for stabilizing inanimate organic material, especially turbine fuels, against the action of light, oxygen and heat.

The use of tetrahydrobenzoxazines I ##STR00001##
where R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbyl radical and R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently hydrogen atoms, hydroxyl groups or hydrocarbyl radicals, and where R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 may also form a second and a third tetrahydrooxazine ring, with the proviso that at least one of the substituents has from 4 to 3000 carbon atoms and the remaining substituents, when they are hydrocarbyl radicals, each have from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, as stabilizers for stabilizing inanimate organic material, especially turbine fuels, against the action of light, oxygen and heat.

A method of reducing nitrogen oxide emissions, the method comprising (i) injecting a petroleum-derived diesel fuel composition having: (a) a sulfur content of less than 10 ppm; (b) a flash point of greater than 50 C.; (c) a UV absorbance, A.sub.total, of less than 1.5 as determined by the formula comprising
A.sub.total=A.sub.x+10(A.sub.y) wherein A.sub.x is the UV absorbance at 272 nanometers; and wherein A.sub.y is the UV absorbance at 310 nanometers; (d) a naphthene content of greater than 5 percent; (e) a cloud point of less than 12 C.; (f) a nitrogen content of less than 10 ppm; and (g) a 5% distillation point of greater than 300 F and a 95% distillation point of greater than 600 F, in an advanced combustion engine; (ii) combusting the petroleum-derived diesel fuel in (i) in a combustion chamber of a non-spark ignited engine, wherein nitrogen oxide emissions are lower than those nitrogen oxide emissions when a conventional diesel fuel is employed in a non-spark ignited engine.

The present invention relates to the field of corrosion inhibition in hydrocarbon fluid processing units. The present invention comprises a new additive for inhibiting acid corrosion comprising polymeric thiophosphate ester, which is obtained by reaction of a polymer compound having mono, di or poly hydroxyl group, preferably polymer compound which is hydroxyl-termination, more preferably said polymer compound comprising hydroxyl-terminated polyisobutylene or polybutene and phosphorous pentasulphide. Said polymeric thiophosphate ester is further reacted with any oxide selected from group consisting of ethylene oxide, butylenes oxide or propylene oxide or such other oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, capably forming ethylene oxide derivative of thiophosphate ester. The invention is useful effecting acid corrosion inhibition on the metal surfaces of a distillation unit, distillation column, trays, packing and pump around piping.

An aviation fuel is formulated with manganese-containing compounds. The composition may include relatively high amounts of manganese up to about 500 mg Mn/l. A manganese-containing additive may reduce the smoke created during the combustion of the aviation fuel. Additionally, the aviation fuel composition may include manganese to improve octane and include a phosphorus-containing scavenger to reduce manganese oxide engine deposits. Further, isooctane is added in order to, with the manganese-containing compound, improve the octane number of the fuel.

An aviation fuel is formulated with manganese-containing compounds. The composition may include relatively high amounts of manganese up to about 500 mg Mn/l. A manganese-containing additive may reduce the smoke created during the combustion of the aviation fuel. Additionally, the aviation fuel composition may include manganese to improve octane and include a phosphorus-containing scavenger to reduce manganese oxide engine deposits. Further, isooctane is added in order to, with the manganese-containing compound, improve the octane number of the fuel.

An aviation fuel is formulated with manganese-containing compounds. The composition may include relatively high amounts of manganese up to about 500 mg Mn/l. A manganese-containing additive may reduce the smoke created during the combustion of the aviation fuel. Additionally, the aviation fuel composition may include manganese to improve octane and include a phosphorus-containing scavenger to reduce manganese oxide engine deposits. Further, isooctane is added in order to, with the manganese-containing compound, improve the octane number of the fuel.

An aviation fuel is formulated with manganese-containing compounds. The composition may include relatively high amounts of manganese up to about 500 mg Mn/l. A manganese-containing additive may reduce the smoke created during the combustion of the aviation fuel. Additionally, the aviation fuel composition may include manganese to improve octane and include a phosphorus-containing scavenger to reduce manganese oxide engine deposits. Further, isooctane is added in order to, with the manganese-containing compound, improve the octane number of the fuel.

An aviation fuel is formulated with manganese-containing compounds. The composition may include relatively high amounts of manganese up to about 500 mg Mn/l. A manganese-containing additive may reduce the smoke created during the combustion of the aviation fuel. Additionally, the aviation fuel composition may include manganese to improve octane and include a phosphorus-containing scavenger to reduce manganese oxide engine deposits.

The present invention relates to functional fluid compositions containing antioxidants, and specifically stable compositions containing antioxidants with limited solubility in and/or limited compatibility with the functional fluids with which they are used. In particular the present invention deals with functional fluids used in internal combustion engines, such as engine oils, and antioxidants containing a phenolic or benzoic group, where the antioxidant is present in the functional fluid composition at levels that would otherwise cause the composition to be unstable and/or hazy.