A fuel for an internal combustion engine includes a fatty alkyl ether having a formula corresponding to formula (II): ##STR00001##
wherein x is 1-8, and y is 0 to 3; and the alkyl is an alkyl group having a number of carbon atoms that is less than the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain on the opposite side of the oxygen atom. The fatty alky ether can be used as a neat fuel or blend with biodiesel, diesel, ethanol or other fuels. The fatty alkyl ethers are improved in cetane number and cold flow properties over a biodiesel with fatty acid methyl acid methyl ester compounds. This is particularly valuable for compression ignition engines. A method of combustion in several types of engines is also disclosed.

Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains.

Fuel oil compositions, and methods for blending such fuel oil compositions, to enhance initial compatibility and longer term stability when such fuel oil compositions are blended to meet IMO 2020 low sulfur fuel oil requirements (ISO 8217). In one or more embodiments, asphaltenic resid base stocks are blended with high aromatic slurry oil to facilitate initial compatibility such that low sulfur cutter stocks, e.g., vacuum gas oil and/or cycle oil, may be further blended therein to cut sulfur content while maintaining longer term stability. These fuel oil compositions are economically advantageous when used as marine low sulfur fuel oils because greater concentrations of high viscosity resids are present in the final blend.

A method of demulsifying an emulsion with an ionic liquid having a nitrogen or phosphorus cation.

Provided are marine fuels or fuel blending compositions, methods of making such fuels or compositions and methods of potentially reducing the life cycle carbon intensity of marine fuels or a fuel blending compositions. The marine fuel or fuel blending composition disclosed herein includes at least 20 vol % of a resid-containing fraction, and from 5 vol % to 80 vol % of one or more renewable fuel blending components. The one or more renewable fuel blending components includes one or more fatty acid alkyl esters. Optionally the one or more renewable fuel blending components may include gas-to-liquid hydrocarbons from renewable synthesis gas, hydrotreated natural fat or oil, hydrotreated waste cooking oil, hydrotreated tall oil, pyrolysis gas oil, or combinations thereof. Optionally, the resulting marine fuel or fuel blending composition can have a BMCI−TE difference value of 15 or less.

A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil (Feedstock), the process involving: mixing a quantity of the Feedstock with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a feedstock mixture; contacting the feedstock mixture with one or more catalysts to form a Process Mixture from the feedstock mixture; separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid (Product) components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbons of the Process Mixture and, discharging the Product. The Product is compliant with ISO standards for residual marine fuel oils and has a maximum sulfur content between the range of 0.05% wt. to 0.50% wt. The Product can be used as or as a blending stock for compliant, low sulfur or ultralow sulfur heavy marine fuel oil. A device for conducting the process is also disclosed.

A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil (Feedstock), the process involving: mixing a quantity of the Feedstock with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a feedstock mixture; contacting the feedstock mixture with one or more catalysts to form a Process Mixture from the feedstock mixture; separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid (Product) components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbons of the Process Mixture and, discharging the Product. The Product is compliant with ISO standards for residual marine fuel oils and has a maximum sulfur content between the range of 0.05% wt. to 0.50% wt. The Product can be used as or as a blending stock for compliant, low sulfur or ultralow sulfur heavy marine fuel oil. A device for conducting the process is also disclosed.

This invention relates to production of low sulfur MARPOL compliant bunker fuel oil and distillates using high sulfur residue, low sulfur residue and/or blend of high and low sulfur residue feed stock. The invention also describes a method for production of a cutterstock stream having a lower paraffin and higher aromatic content than a feed stream using a paraffin separation section and its blending to produce bunker fuel.

Crude oil may be treated with an additive made with Tire Pyrolysis Oil and naphtha, condensate, or both naphtha and condensate. Also disclosed herein are compositions including Tire Pyrolysis Oil wherein the composition is selected from the group consisting of: pipeline cleaner, tank cleaner, paraffin inhibitor or modifier, asphaltene inhibitor or modifier, scale inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor, stimulation fluid, crude oil density reducer, and crude oil viscosity reducer. The Tire Pyrolysis Oil is a green product recovered from recycling tires.

An additive composition for a marine fuel or a heating oil comprising a stabilized colloidal dispersion of catalytic metal particles, a neutral or overbased alkaline earth metal detergent and a carrier fluid miscible with a marine fuel oil, a heavy fuel oil, a marine distillate fuel, and/or a residual fuel oil. Also provided are marine fuel and/or heating oil compositions having the additive composition described above and associated methods and uses.