The present disclosure relates, in part, to a scanning sufficiency apparatus that computes whether a handheld scanning device has scanned a volume for a sufficiently long time for there to be detections and then indicate to the user that the time is sufficient in 3-D rendered voxels. Also described is a hand held medical navigation apparatus with system and methods to map targets inside a patient's body.

A mobile radiography apparatus has radio-opaque markers, each marker coupled to a portion of the mobile radiography apparatus, wherein each of the markers is in a radiation path that extends from an x-ray source or x-ray sources. A detector is mechanically uncoupled from the x-ray source or x-ray sources for positioning behind a patient. Processing logic is configured to calculate a detector position with relation to the x-ray source or x-ray sources according to identified marker positions in acquired projection images, and to reconstruct a volume image according to the acquired projection images.

The present disclosure relates to methods and systems for calibrating an X-ray apparatus. The X-ray apparatus may include an X-ray detector and a collimator. To calibrate the X-ray apparatus, the methods and systems may include moving the X-ray detector from a first position to a second position along a first axis of a coordinate system, wherein the first position is under a scanning table, and the second position is outside the scanning table; moving the collimator to align the collimator with the X-ray detector at the second position; determining one or more parameters; and determining a second value of the first encoder when the collimator is aligned with the X-ray detector at the first position based on the one or more parameters.

The present disclosure relates a multi-leaf collimator. The multi-leaf collimator may include a plurality of leaves. At least two leaves of the plurality of leaves may be movable parallel to each another. For each leaf of at least some of the plurality of leaves, at least one portion of the leaf may have thicknesses varying along a longitudinal direction of the each leaf. The each leaf may have a first end and a second end along the longitudinal direction of the each leaf.

A method for providing a prognosis data record includes receiving a first image data record relating to an examination region of an examination object, and receiving an operating parameter of a medical object that is arranged at the examination region of the examination object and positioning information of the medical object that is arranged at the examination region. The prognosis data record is created by applying a trained function to input data. The input data is based on the first image data record, the at least one operating parameter, and the positioning information of the medical object. At least one parameter of the trained function is based on a comparison with a first comparison image data record. As compared with the first image data record, the first comparison image data record includes changes influenced by the medical object at the examination region. The prognosis data record is provided.

An imaging capsule, including a radiation source, a collimator that provides a collimated beam from the radiation source, a detector configured to detect particles resulting from X-ray fluorescence and/or Compton backscattering in response to the collimated beam, a motor to rotate the collimator and detector around an axle to scan a partial or full inner circumference of a user's colon with radiation, wherein the motor comprises a segmented commutator that is fed with a power signal via brush contacts; and wherein the motor provides a pulsed output signal based on mechanical switching of the segmented commutator on the brush contacts, providing an indication of the rotation angle of the motor as a function of time.

The embodiments of the present disclosure provides a method for determining parameters related to a medical operation. The method includes obtaining optical image information of a target object, determining target part information of the target object, and determining the parameters related to the medical operation at least based on the optical image information and the target part information.

Versatile, multimode radiographic systems and methods utilize portable energy emitters and radiation-tracking detectors. The x-ray emitter may include a digital camera and, optionally, a thermal imaging camera to provide for fluoroscopic, digital, and infrared thermal imagery of a patient for the purpose of aiding diagnostic, surgical, and non-surgical interventions. The emitter may cooperative with an inventive x-ray capture stage that automatically pivots, orients and aligns itself with the emitter to maximize exposure quality and safety. The combined system uses less power, corrects for any skew or perspective in the emission, allows the subject to remain in place, and allows the surgeon's workflow to continue uninterrupted.

The invention relates to a method for determining a safety criterion during an autonomous manipulation of a surgical tool (13) by a robotic system (1) to treat an anatomical structure (B) according to a planned trajectory (T.sub.3D) in a 3D image (I.sub.3D), said 3D image being registered with a patient tracker (30), and the robotic system (1) being servo-controlled on the movements of the patient tracker (30), the method comprising: a. acquiring at least one 2D X-ray image (I2D) containing the anatomical structure and the surgical tool by an X-ray imaging system (2), and for each at least one 2D X-ray acquisition: i. synchronously localizing the surgical tool and

registering the 2D X-ray image (I.sub.2D) with the 3D image (I.sub.3D) in a region of interest around the anatomical structure, iii. generating a projection onto the 2D X-ray image (I.sub.2D) of a model of the surgical tool in its position relative to the 3D image computed in step (i) (‘projected localized position’), iv. determining a real position of the surgical tool on the 2D X-ray image (I.sub.2D) (‘real position’), b. determining a safety criterion from a similarity information between each real position and each projected localized position of the surgical tool on the at least one 2D X-ray image.

A medical apparatus includes a control unit including at least a first control module; a support device for a patient; a machine for allowing a diagnosis having an X-ray source, an X-ray detector, a supporting frame, supporting the source and detector, and a base frame supporting the supporting frame. The first control module is electrically coupled to the detector to receive a signal relating to the X-rays detected and processes the signal to derive an image. The support device includes a portion that can be inclined between non-operating and operating positions. The supporting frame can be inclined, with respect to the base frame, by rotation about an axis of inclination, between first and second operating positions to allow a diagnostic examination in the first or second operating positions. A coupling device between the support device and the base frame provides a removable coupling therebetween.