The present disclosure provides a composition comprising a refrigerant characterized by having a coefficient of performance (COP) and a refrigerating capacity (Capacity) equivalent to or higher than those of R134a, and having a sufficiently low GWP. The present disclosure is, specifically, a composition comprising a refrigerant, the refrigerant comprising cis-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(Z)) and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), wherein HFO-1132(Z) is present in an amount of 53.0 to 59.5 mass %, and HFO-1234yf is present in an amount of 47.0 to 40.5 mass %, based on the total mass of IFO-1132(Z) and HFO-1234yf.

An oxyalkylated branched aliphatic compound produced by oxyalkylating a branched aliphatic compound having 12 or more carbon atoms in which the branched aliphatic compound having 12 or more carbon atoms is grafted with a polyether via a crosslinking reaction, wherein the polyether is a polymer of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, and combinations thereof, may be useful as an inverting aid for increasing the dissolution rate of a latex-based drag reducing agent in a liquid hydrocarbon.

A refrigerant compressor includes: a sealed container in which refrigerating machine oil is stored; an electric element accommodated in the sealed container and driven by electric power supplied from outside; and a compression element accommodated in the sealed container and covered with the refrigerating machine oil, the compression element being driven by the electric element to compress refrigerant gas supplied from outside. The refrigerating machine oil contains an oil film shortage adjusting agent in a dissolved state in such a concentration that deposition of the oil film shortage adjusting agent does not occur at least while the refrigerant compressor is operating.

Described herein are methods of stabilizing the beta hydrogen of glycerol based esters by the insertion of alkoxy groups to significantly improve the thermal, oxidative, and hydrolytic stability of the ester and allow for controlling the molar density of esters bonds in the lubricants to maximize hydrolytic stability while maintaining biodegradability and further improving performance properties.

Described herein are methods of stabilizing the beta hydrogen of glycerol based esters by the insertion of alkoxy groups to significantly improve the thermal, oxidative, and hydrolytic stability of the ester and allow for controlling the molar density of esters bonds in the lubricants to maximize hydrolytic stability while maintaining biodegradability and further improving performance properties.

The present disclosure provides a composition comprising a refrigerant that has characteristics of having a coefficient of performance (COP) and a refrigerating capacity equivalent to or higher than those of R404A, and having a sufficiently low GWP. More specifically, the present disclosure provides a composition comprising a refrigerant, the refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (HFC-32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), wherein the total concentration of the three components is 99.5% by mass or more, based on the entire refrigerant, and three components have a mass ratio that falls within a region surrounded by a figure passing through the following 4 points in a ternary composition diagram whose three vertices represent the three components: point A (HFO-1132(E)/HFC-32/HFO-1234yf=51.8/1.0/47.2 mass %), point B (HFO-1132(E)/HFC-32/HFO-1234yf=35.3/1.0/63.7 mass %), point C (HFO-1132(E)/HFC-32/HFO-1234yf=10.1/18.0/71.9 mass %), and point D (HFO-1132(E)/HFC-32/HFO-1234yf=27.8/18.0/54.2 mass %).

A composition comprising water and a polyalkylene glycol having an allyl content of less than 20 ueq/g, which composition has reduced foaming properties and preferably a biodegradability of at least 60% as determined using OECD 301F. The polyalkylene glycol can be made by forming a first intermediate comprising an oxypropylene block by reacting propylene oxide with a polyol initiator in the presence of a Double Metal Cyanide catalyst, and then reacting the first intermediate with ethylene oxide in the presence of a KOH catalyst.

A method for producing a raw material of grease, including: preparing first thickener raw material; second thickener raw material; first lubricating oil; second lubricating oil; first solvent with a boiling point lower than those of the oils, dissolves the first oil, and does not dissolve a produced thickener; and a second solvent with a boiling point lower than those of the oils, dissolves the second oil, and does not dissolve the produced thickener; dissolving the first lubricating oil in the first solvent, and dissolving or dispersing the first thickener raw material in the first solvent to obtain a first mixed solution; dissolving the second lubricating oil in the second solvent, and dissolving or dispersing the second thickener raw material in the second solvent to obtain a second mixed solution; and mixing the first and second mixed solutions, and reacting the first and second thickener raw materials producing a thickener.

The present disclosure addresses the problem of providing a refrigerant composition that has a low GWP and a refrigerating capacity equivalent to that of R404A, which is currently widely used. As a solution to the problem, the present disclosure provides a composition containing carbon dioxide and a mixture of fluorinated hydrocarbons, the mixture containing difluoromethane (R32), pentafluoroethane (R125), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234yf), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), and carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) in specific concentrations.

An antifriction coating formulation composition comprising (a) a soluble resin, (b) an insoluble polymer, (c) optionally a solid lubricant, and (d) a solvent.