The present invention relates to a composition for lubricating a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, comprising at least one base oil and at least one fire retardant corresponding to formula (I)

R.sub.F-L-R.sub.H   (I) in which R.sub.F is a perfluorinated or partially fluorinated group, R.sub.H is a hydrocarbon-based group, and L is a linker.

The invention also relates to the use of at least one fire retardant of formula (I), in a composition for lubricating a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, including at least one battery, to give it ignition-resistance properties.

Finally, the invention relates to a process for cooling and fire-protecting a battery of a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, comprising at least one step of placing at least one battery, in particular a lithium-ion or nickel-cadmium battery, in contact with a composition according to the invention.

The present invention relates to a composition for cooling a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle including at least one battery, comprising: (i) at least one base oil or at least one hydrocarbon-based fluid with a boiling point of greater than or equal to 50° C.; (ii) at least one fire retardant corresponding to formula (I)

R.sub.F-L-R.sub.H  (I)

in which R.sub.F is a perfluorinated or partially fluorinated group, R.sub.H is a hydrocarbon-based group, and L is a linker; and (iii) at least one fluoro compound with a boiling point of between 50 and 250° C.

The invention also relates to the use of at least one fluoro compound with a boiling point of between 50° C. and 250° C. for promoting the contact between a fire retardant corresponding to formula (I) and an element of a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, when thermal runaway is observed, said fire retardant of formula (I) being formulated in a base oil, or a hydrocarbon-based fluid with a boiling point of greater than or equal to 50° C.

Finally, the invention relates to a process for cooling and fire-protecting at least one battery of a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, comprising at least one step of placing at least one battery in contact with a composition according to the invention.

The present invention relates to a composition for cooling a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, comprising: (i) at least one base oil, or at least one hydrocarbon-based fluid with a boiling point of greater than or equal to 50° C.; and (ii) at least one fire retardant corresponding to formula (I)

R.sub.F-L-R.sub.H  (I) in which R.sub.F is a perfluorinated or partially fluorinated group, R.sub.H is a hydrocarbon-based group, and L is a linker, said fire retardant of formula (I) being at least partially in an encapsulated form.

The invention also relates to the use of at least one fire retardant of formula (I) which is at least partially in an encapsulated form in a composition for cooling a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, including at least one battery, to give it ignition-resistance properties.

Finally, the invention relates to a process for cooling and fire-protecting a battery of a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, comprising at least one step of placing at least one battery, in particular a lithium-ion or nickel-cadmium battery, in contact with a composition according to the invention.

This fluorine-containing ether compound is represented by Formula (1).
R.sup.1—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3—CH.sub.2—R.sup.4—R.sup.5  (1) (in Formula (1), R.sup.1 is an aryl group or an aralkyl group, R.sup.2 is a divalent linking group having 0 or 1 polar group, R.sup.3 is a perfluoropolyether chain, R.sup.4 is a divalent linking group having 2 or 3 polar groups, and R.sup.5 is an aryl group or an aralkyl group.)

A fluorine-containing ether compound represented by R.sup.1R.sup.2CH.sub.2R.sup.3CH.sub.2R.sup.4R.sup.5 is provided. (R.sup.3 is a perfluoropolyether chain; R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 are each independently any one of an alkyl group that may have a substituent, an organic group having at least one double bond or at least one triple bond, and a hydrogen atom; and R.sup.2CH.sub.2R.sup.3 is represented by Formula (2), and R.sup.3CH.sub.2R.sup.4 is represented by Formula (3))

-[A]-[B]OCH.sub.2R.sup.3 (2)

R.sup.3CH.sub.2O[C]-[D]- (3)

([A] is represented by Formula (4), [B] is represented by Formula (5), [C] is represented by Formula (6), [D] is represented by Formula (7), and in the formula, a and b are integers of 0 to 2, c is an integer of 2 to 5, d and f are integers of 0 to 2, and e is an integer of 2 to 5, and at least one of b and d in the formula is 1 or more)

##STR00001##

A fluorine-containing ether compound represented by Formula (1) is provided,

R.sup.1-R.sup.2CH.sub.2R.sup.3CH.sub.2R.sup.4(1)

(In Formula (1), R.sup.1 is an alkyl group that may have a substituent, R.sup.2 is a divalent linking group bonded to R.sup.1 via an ethereal oxygen, R.sup.3 is a perfluoropolyether chain, and R.sup.4 is an end group which is different from R.sup.1-R.sup.2 and includes two or three polar groups, in which each of the polar groups is bonded to a different carbon atom, and the carbon atoms bonded to the polar groups are bonded to each other via a linking group containing a carbon atom not bonded to the polar groups.).

Provided herein is a lubricant comprising a compound of Formula I: ##STR00001## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independent and have the structure selected from (CF.sub.2O).sub.x(CF.sub.2CF.sub.2O).sub.y(CF.sub.2CF.sub.2CF.sub.2O).sub.z(CF.sub.2CF.sub.2CF.sub.2CF.sub.2O).sub.w, x, y, z and w are selected from an integer from 0 to 30; p, and q are selected from an integer from 0 to 3; A and B are independent and have the structure selected from: (CH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2O).sub.jH, and j is an integer selected from 0 to 3.

A camera module includes a lens module including a lens, and a base module configured to accommodate the lens module therein. A fluorinated lubricant is disposed on a portion of at least one of the lens module and the base module, the fluorinated lubricant includes a fluorescent material capable of emitting fluorescent light when illuminated with ultraviolet (UV) light.

What is provided is a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by the following formula. R.sup.1R.sup.2OCH.sub.2R.sup.3CH.sub.2OR.sup.4R.sup.5

(R.sup.3 is a perfluoropolyether chain; R.sup.2 is represented by Formula (2), R.sup.4 is represented by Formula (3), R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 are hydrogen atoms or Formula (4); a and b in Formula (2) are an integer of 0 to 2, c in Formula (2) is an integer of 2 to 5, d and e in Formula (3) are an integer of 0 to 2, f in Formula (3) is an integer of 2 to 5; at least one of b in Formula (2) and e in Formula (3) is 1 or more; and k in Formula (4) is an integer of 3 to 6.)

##STR00001##

Provided is a compound with which a lubricant having excellent adhesion to a magnetic disk, particularly to a protective layer can be provided. A perfluoropolyether compound in accordance with one aspect of this invention has a structure in which two perfluoropolyethers are bonded to each other through an aliphatic ether, the aliphatic ether including a carbon atom to which a primary alcohol is bonded.