A near neutral pH pickling composition for the removal of oxides from metallic surfaces, including heat treated steel. The pickling composition comprises a) a water-soluble organic or inorganic nitro compound, wherein a central N atom has an oxidation state of 3+; b) a polarizing agent for the nitro compound, wherein the polarizing agent comprises at least one of a phosphonate and a carboxylate; c) a pH buffer, and d) at least one metal complexing agent. The composition is preferably maintained at a pH between about 4.5 and about 7.5. The near neutral pH pickle composition can be used on various metallic surfaces as well as composite surfaces comprising metallic and non-metallic portions.

A wireless communication device (UE) may monitor grants received from respective cells associated with one or more first (e.g. licensed) frequency band(s) and one or more second (e.g. unlicensed) frequency band(s). Based on the received grants the UE may determine if an imbalance exists in the radio resource allocation, whereby the UE communicates more than intended in the second frequency band(s). The imbalance may be specified with respect to the ratio or portion of the communications that are conducted in the second frequency band(s) with respect to all wireless communications of the UE. If the UE detects an imbalance, it may transmit a report to the network (e.g. to the base station serving the UE) indicating unfavorable conditions for the UE to be operating in the second frequency band(s). In response, the network may disable the respective cell(s) associated with the second frequency band(s) and/or it may disable carrier aggregation for the UE.

A composition including at least one alkane of the formula C.sub.nH.sub.2n+2 with n?12, and at least one oxoester, and to an aerosol including the same. Also, a method for degreasing, cleaning, protecting, releasing, shining, and/or lubricating a surface of an object including the application of the composition.

A process to remove impurities from a surface of a cargo tank of a vessel used to transport liquid hydrocarbons includes using an active chemical solution to dissolve at least a portion of the impurities or the matrix in which they are embedded deposited n the surface of the cargo tank. The process also includes allowing the active chemical solution to subsequently remove embedded impurities from the surface.

The invention includes a solid rinse aid that is particularly designed for pressed or extrusion solid formation and which is effective for spotless surfaces after rinsing, especially rinsing metals without corrosion. According to the invention, a solid acid is combined with a short-chain alkylbenzene and alkyl naphthalene sulfonate. The short-chain alkylbenzene and alkyl naphthalene sulfonate act as a solidification agent as well as a hydrotrope, and total dissolved solid (TDS) active and are combined with at least one nonionic low foaming surfactant.

The present invention relates to a method for the corrosion-protective and cleaning pretreatment of metallic components, produced at least partially from metallic materials from the elements iron, zinc and/or aluminum, with the use of an acid aqueous composition containing, in addition to the water-soluble compounds of the elements Zr and/or Ti causing the conversion of the metal surface, a mixture of an aliphatic diol and an aliphatic saturated polyhydroxy compound. It also comprises a chrome(VI)-free aqueous composition based on the constituents mentioned above which delivers outstanding results in cleaning and simultaneous corrosion-protective conversion of technical metal surfaces in one method step.

Disclosed are metal cleaning formulations and methods of use. A formulation of the present teachings comprises one or more furoate esters such as ethyl 5-methyl-2-furoate and methyl 5-methyl-2-furoate. The formulations further comprise a base oil, which can be, for example, a naphthenic oil, a synthetic oil or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, a formulation can further comprise a metal protection additive and a lubrication additive. A variety of base oils, metal protection additives, and lubrication additives are suitable for use in the present teachings. Formulations of the present teachings are especially useful for the cleaning of metal products such as firearms. The cleaning power of a formulation of the instant teachings can exceed that required for US Military Specifications.

To provide a solvent composition that can suppress corrosion of a metal, a cleaning method using the solvent composition, and a method for producing an article with a coating film. A solvent composition comprising, as a first component, 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene and, as a second component, at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1,2,3,3-tetrachloropropene, 1,2,3-trichloro-3-fluoropropene, 1,3,3-trichloro-2-fluoropropene, 1,3-dichloro-2,3-difluoropropene, 2-chloro-3,3-difluoropropene, 2,3,3-trifluoropropene, 1,3-dichloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropane, 1-chloro-1,2,2,3-tetrafluoropropane, 2-chloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane, 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane and chloroform, characterized in that the ratio of the total content of the second component to the sum of the content of 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene and the total content of the second component, is from 0.0001 to 1.0 mass %.

Detergent compositions effective for controlling hard water scale accumulation are disclosed. Detergent compositions employing phosphinosuccinic acid and mono-, bis- and oligomeric phosphinosuccinic acid (PSO) derivatives with alkali metal carbonate and/or alkali metal hydroxide reduce had water scale accumulation on treated surfaces at alkaline conditions between about pH of 9 and 12.5. Methods employing the detergent compositions and preventing hard water scale accumulation are also provided.

Methods for cleaning a superalloy substrate having engine deposits on its surface are provided. The method may include applying a permanganate solution onto the surface of the superalloy substrate, and applying a ferric chloride based cleaning composition onto the surface of the superalloy substrate. The ferric chloride based cleaning composition includes ferric chloride and at least one of nitric acid and phosphoric acid, such as within a solvent system (e.g., an aqueous solution including water).