Provided are methods or processes for producing ferulic acid from a plant material, for example, a rice bran or its derivatives. Provided are methods comprising an ion swapping and solvent extraction process followed by a chromatographic separation operations that are coupled into a process which functions to recover a fraction rich in gamma-oryzanol, thus enabling the subsequent production of a high purity ferulic acid. Provided are methods comprising an ion swapping and solvent extraction process followed by a process which functions to recover a fraction rich in gamma-oryzanol, or a mixture of ferulic acid esters of phytosterols and triterpenoids, optionally comprising cycloartenyl ferulate, 24-methylenecycloartanyl ferulate, and/or campesteryl ferulate, to enable the production of a high purity ferulic acid. Provided are methods comprising a saponification and solvent extraction process followed by recovering a fraction rich in gamma-oryzanol to enable the production of a high purity ferulic acid.

A composition including nano- or microspheres, and/or tubular nanostructures, each made of a plurality of aromatic dipeptides including end-capping modified aromatic dipeptides, non-modified aromatic dipeptides, or a combination thereof; and encapsulating an esterase or a functional fragment thereof; as well as methods of use. The plurality of aromatic dipeptides may include the end-capping modified aromatic dipeptides only.

The present invention discloses an enzymatic synthesis method of 1-palmitic acid-2-oleic acid-3-triglyceride stearate, belonging to the technical field of structured lipid processing. In the present invention, a crude product rich in 1-palmitic acid-2-oleic acid-3-triglyceride stearate is obtained by reacting for 2-10 h at 20-70° C. with 1-palmitic acid-2-diglyceride oleate as an acyl acceptor, stearic acid or a derivative thereof as an acyl donor and a lipase as a catalyst, wherein the reaction system is an inorganic or organic solvent reaction system. The present invention provides a highly efficient enzymatic synthesis method of POS, thereby resolving the disadvantage of low POS content and limited use provided by the current synthesizing product of structured lipid. The technology adopted by the present invention certainly has an application prospect in the process of preparing cocoa butter equivalents.

The present invention discloses an enzymatic synthesis method of 1-palmitic acid-2-oleic acid-3-triglyceride stearate, belonging to the technical field of structured lipid processing. In the present invention, a crude product rich in 1-palmitic acid-2-oleic acid-3-triglyceride stearate is obtained by reacting for 2-10 h at 20-70° C. with 1-palmitic acid-2-diglyceride oleate as an acyl acceptor, stearic acid or a derivative thereof as an acyl donor and a lipase as a catalyst, wherein the reaction system is an inorganic or organic solvent reaction system. The present invention provides a highly efficient enzymatic synthesis method of POS, thereby resolving the disadvantage of low POS content and limited use provided by the current synthesizing product of structured lipid. The technology adopted by the present invention certainly has an application prospect in the process of preparing cocoa butter equivalents.

The disclosure relates to compositions and methods for increasing oil content of the vegetative tissues of plants. The compositions comprise polynucleotides encoding phospholipase A1 (PLA1) polypeptides and plants, plant parts, plant cells, and seeds comprising such polynucleotides. The methods for increasing oil content of the vegetative tissues of plants comprise introducing a polynucleotide encoding PLA1 polypeptides into the plant. Expression of these PLA1 polynucleotides result in a large accumulation of triacyl glycerides or neutral lipids in vegetative tissues such as leaves that normally contain very little amount of such oil.

The disclosure relates to compositions and methods for increasing oil content of the vegetative tissues of plants. The compositions comprise polynucleotides encoding phospholipase A1 (PLA1) polypeptides and plants, plant parts, plant cells, and seeds comprising such polynucleotides. The methods for increasing oil content of the vegetative tissues of plants comprise introducing a polynucleotide encoding PLA1 polypeptides into the plant. Expression of these PLA1 polynucleotides result in a large accumulation of triacyl glycerides or neutral lipids in vegetative tissues such as leaves that normally contain very little amount of such oil.

This disclosure relates to processes to form arylcyclopropyl carboxylic acids useful in forming molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda.

This disclosure relates to processes to form arylcyclopropyl carboxylic acids useful in forming molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda.

The present invention relates to esterases, more particularly to esterase variants having improved activity and/or improved thermostability compared to the esterase of SEQ ID NO: 1 and the uses thereof for degrading polyester containing material, such as plastic products. The esterases of the invention are particularly suited to degrade polyethylene terephthalate, and material containing polyethylene terephthalate.

The present invention relates to novel proteases, more particularly to protease variants having improved activity compared to the protease of SEQ ID NO: 1 and the uses thereof for degrading polyester containing material, such as plastic products. The proteases of the invention are particularly suited to degrade polylactic acid, and material containing polylactic acid.