NADP-dependent oxidoreductase compositions, and electrodes, sensors and systems that include the same. Analyte sensors include an electrode having a sensing layer disposed thereon, the sensing layer comprising a polymer and an enzyme composition distributed therein. The enzyme composition includes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P).sup.+) or derivative thereof; an NAD(P).sup.+-dependent dehydrogenase; an NAD(P)H oxidoreductase; and an electron transfer agent comprising a transition metal complex.

The present inventions in various aspects provide elastic biodegradable polymers. In various embodiments, the polymers are formed by the reaction of a multifunctional alcohol or ether and a difunctional or higher order acid to form a pre-polymer, which is cross-linked to form the elastic biodegradable polymer. In preferred embodiments, the cross-linking is performed by functionalization of one or more OR groups on the pre-polymer backbone with vinyl, followed by photopolymerization to form the elastic biodegradable polymer composition or material. Preferably, acrylate is used to add one or more vinyls to the backbone of the pre-polymer to form an acrylated pre-polymer. In various embodiments, acrylated pre-polymers are co-polymerized with one or more acrylated co-polymers.

The invention relates to immobilized enzyme compositions for the preparation of a hexose. Hexoses include, for example, tagatose, psicose, fructose, allose, mannose, galactose, altrose, talose, sorbose, gulose, idose, and inositol. The invention also relates to an enzymatic process for preparing a hexose from a saccharide by contacting a starch derivative with an immobilized enzyme composition of the invention.

In one aspect of the invention, a microcapsule includes a film encapsulating a material. The film is formed by complexation of at least two mutually attractive components initially present in an aqueous dispersion comprising a continuous phase and a dispersed phase. The at least one first component is initially present in the continuous phase and the at least one second component is initially present in the dispersed phase. According to another aspect of the invention, provided is a process for forming microcapsules including the step of injecting a dispersed phase having at least a first component into a continuous phase having at least a second component, where the first component and the second component are mutually attractive, such that a film is formed by complexation of the first charged component and the second charged component.

In one aspect of the invention, a microcapsule includes a film encapsulating a material. The film is formed by complexation of at least two mutually attractive components initially present in an aqueous dispersion comprising a continuous phase and a dispersed phase. The at least one first component is initially present in the continuous phase and the at least one second component is initially present in the dispersed phase. According to another aspect of the invention, provided is a process for forming microcapsules including the step of injecting a dispersed phase having at least a first component into a continuous phase having at least a second component, where the first component and the second component are mutually attractive, such that a film is formed by complexation of the first charged component and the second charged component.

The present disclosure relates to a microcarrier that has excellent adhesion to cells and also is easily isolated from cells after culturing, a method for producing the same, and a cell culture method using the same.

The present disclosure relates to a microcarrier that has excellent adhesion to cells and also is easily isolated from cells after culturing, a method for producing the same, and a cell culture method using the same.

A working wire for a continuous biological sensor is disclosed and includes a substrate having a conductive surface and an enzyme layer formed on the conductive surface. The enzyme layer includes enzymes, an immobilization matrix and a polymeric crosslinking agent that crosslinks the enzymes and the immobilization matrix creating an enzyme immobilization network. A protective layer is included over the enzyme layer. A method for making the working wire for a continuous biological sensor is disclosed and includes combining an enzyme with a solvent creating an enzyme mixture. An immobilization matrix is mixed with the enzyme mixture. After the mixing, a polymeric crosslinking agent is combined with the enzyme mixture and the immobilization matrix creating a crosslinked mixture. The crosslinked mixture is allowed to stabilize. The stabilized crosslinked mixture is applied to the working wire, and the applied mixture is cured on the working wire.

A working wire for a continuous biological sensor is disclosed and includes a substrate having a conductive surface and an enzyme layer formed on the conductive surface. The enzyme layer includes enzymes, an immobilization matrix and a polymeric crosslinking agent that crosslinks the enzymes and the immobilization matrix creating an enzyme immobilization network. A protective layer is included over the enzyme layer. A method for making the working wire for a continuous biological sensor is disclosed and includes combining an enzyme with a solvent creating an enzyme mixture. An immobilization matrix is mixed with the enzyme mixture. After the mixing, a polymeric crosslinking agent is combined with the enzyme mixture and the immobilization matrix creating a crosslinked mixture. The crosslinked mixture is allowed to stabilize. The stabilized crosslinked mixture is applied to the working wire, and the applied mixture is cured on the working wire.

There is provided a biological gas measurement device that continuously collects biological gas, and is able to immediately and chronologically measure a target substance from the collected biological gas. A skin gas measurement device includes a biological gas collector 10 having an aperture portion 11 in a side thereof that faces a living body, and having a recessed portion 12 that is connected with the aperture portion 11 and serves as a space for collecting biological gas, a measurement device 100 that measures a target substance in the biological gas collected by the biological gas collector 10, an outflow path 40 through which collected biological gas is discharged from the recessed portion 12 to the measurement device 100, and a correction device 124 that corrects measurements of the target substance performed by the measurement device 100, and enables measurement results of the target substance from which effects of moisture present inside the outflow path 40 have been excluded to be output.