Compositions and methods for treating macrophage activation syndrome are provided.

The invention relates to a non-coding sequence of deoxyribonucleic acids comprising at least one sequence motif N.sup.1N.sup.2CGN.sup.3N.sup.4, wherein N is a nucleotide comprising A, C, T, or G, and C is deoxycytidine, G is deoxyguanosine, A is deoxyadenosine and T is deoxy-thymidine for the treatment of viral infections. In particular, the non-coding sequence of deoxyribonucleic acids is used in combination with antiretroviral therapy and/or histone de-acetylase inhibitors.

The invention relates to a non-coding sequence of deoxyribonucleic acids comprising at least one sequence motif N.sup.1N.sup.2CGN.sup.3N.sup.4, wherein N is a nucleotide comprising A, C, T, or G, and C is deoxycytidine, G is deoxyguanosine, A is deoxyadenosine and T is deoxy-thymidine for the treatment of viral infections. In particular, the non-coding sequence of deoxyribonucleic acids is used in combination with antiretroviral therapy and/or histone de-acetylase inhibitors.

The disclosure is generally related to spherical nucleic acids (SNAs), structures comprising a nanoparticle core surrounded by a shell of oligonucleotides. In some aspects the disclosure provides a spherical nucleic acid (SNA) comprising: (a) a nanoparticle core; and (b) a shell of oligonucleotides attached to the nanoparticle core, wherein one or more oligonucleotides in the shell of oligonucleotides is attached to the nanoparticle core through a hydrophobic anchor comprising one or more dodecane (C12) subunits. Methods of making and using the SNAs are also provided herein.

The disclosure is generally related to spherical nucleic acids (SNAs), structures comprising a nanoparticle core surrounded by a shell of oligonucleotides. In some aspects the disclosure provides a spherical nucleic acid (SNA) comprising: (a) a nanoparticle core; and (b) a shell of oligonucleotides attached to the nanoparticle core, wherein one or more oligonucleotides in the shell of oligonucleotides is attached to the nanoparticle core through a hydrophobic anchor comprising one or more dodecane (C12) subunits. Methods of making and using the SNAs are also provided herein.

The present invention generally relates to specific immune-modulatory RNA species that have a small hairpin structure (shRNA), and that can bind to retinoic acid inducible gene I receptor (RIG-I). In particular, said RNA species comprise a nucleotide insertion to create a kink in the stem region. Also encompassed are compositions comprising such shRNA, for use as antiviral or anticancer medication, or as adjuvants in vaccine.

The present invention generally relates to specific immune-modulatory RNA species that have a small hairpin structure (shRNA), and that can bind to retinoic acid inducible gene I receptor (RIG-I). In particular, said RNA species comprise a nucleotide insertion to create a kink in the stem region. Also encompassed are compositions comprising such shRNA, for use as antiviral or anticancer medication, or as adjuvants in vaccine.

Disclosed are methods and compositions for at least preventing, treating, inhibiting, or attenuating an Ebola virus infection of a subject. The methods comprise administering an effective amount of a composition as described herein to the subject thereby at least preventing, treating, inhibiting, or attenuating the Ebola virus infection of the subject. The compositions comprise a therapeutic double-stranded RNA (tdsRNA) and additional optional components such as an Ebola antigen.

Disclosed are methods and compositions for at least preventing, treating, inhibiting, or attenuating an Ebola virus infection of a subject. The methods comprise administering an effective amount of a composition as described herein to the subject thereby at least preventing, treating, inhibiting, or attenuating the Ebola virus infection of the subject. The compositions comprise a therapeutic double-stranded RNA (tdsRNA) and additional optional components such as an Ebola antigen.

The present invention provides a medicine containing a Toll-like receptor agonist, LAG-3 protein, a variant or derivative thereof.